Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
History
Langley Memoir on Mechanical Flight, Parts I and II: Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Volume 27 Number 3, Publication 1948, 1911
Langley, S. P. (Samuel Pierpont)
Aeronautics; Flight
I[2] announced in 1891,[3] as the result of experiments carried on by
me through previous years, that it was possible to construct machines
which would give such a velocity to inclined surfaces that bodies
indefinitely heavier than the air could be sustained upon it, and
moved through it with great velocity. In particular, it was stated
that a plane surface in the form of a parallelogram of 76.2 cm.×12.2
cm. (30×4.8 inches), weighing 500 grammes (1.1 lbs.), could be driven
through the air with a velocity of 20 metres (65.6 feet) per second
in absolutely ‹horizontal› flight, with an expenditure of 1/200
horse-power, or, in other terms, that 1 horse-power would propel and
sustain in horizontal flight, at such a velocity (that is, about 40
miles an hour), a little over 200 pounds weight of such surface,
where the specific gravity of the plane was a matter of secondary
importance, the support being derived from the elasticity and inertia
of the air upon which the body is made to run rapidly.
It was further specifically remarked that it was not asserted that
planes of any kind were the best forms to be used in mechanical
flight, nor was it asserted, without restrictions, that mechanical
flight was absolutely possible, since this depended upon our ability
to get ‹horizontal› flight during transport, and to leave the earth
and to return to it in safety. Our ability actually to do this, it
was added, would result from the practice of some unexplored art or
science which might be termed Aerodromics, but on which I was not
then prepared to enter.
I had at that time, however, made certain preliminary experiments
with flying models, which have been continued up to the present
year,[4] and at the same time I have continued experiments distinct
from these, with the small whirling-table established at Washington.
The results obtained from the latter being supplemental to those
published in “Experiments in Aerodynamics,” and [p002] being more or
less imperfect, were at first intended not for publication, but for
my own information on matters where even an incomplete knowledge was
better than the absence of any.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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