Indians, at conquest, 46-8, 91; distribution of, 93, 352-3 Individualism, in Spain, 31-5; in S. America, 88 Industrialism, rise of, 94-6 Inquisition, the, 42, 52 Isthmus, States of the, 77 Itaborahy, 186 Italians in South America, 364 Iturbide, Emperor of Mexico, 61, 82, 149-50 JACOBINISM, 81 Japan, 393 Japanese Peril (323-31); emigrants, 327; spies, 329 _Jaurès_, 15 João VI., 180-2 Juarez, Mexican Dictator, 152-5 Junin, 71,76 Juntas, 30; colonial, 60; revolutionary, 84 KING, _see_ Monarchy LA PAZ, revolt at, 65 La Plata, confederation of, 343 _Lamartine_, 244-5 Lansdowne, Lord, 83 _Larreta, E. R._, 269 _Lastarria_, 236-9 Latifundia, 92, 98 Latin race, the, 17; future of the, (387-400); decadence of, 395 Latin spirit, the, 17; in S. America, 287-9 Lavalleja, President of Uruguay, 127-9, 131 Law, influence of Spanish, 54 _Lee, Gen. Homer_, 325 Liberators, the, 66 Liniers, 65 Literature, 249-70 Lodges, revolutionary, 65-81 Lopez, Argentine _caudillo_, 89, 139 Lopez, tyrants of Paraguay, 196 Loyola, 33 _Lugones_, 265 MAIA, J. J. de, 82 "Maine," sinking of the, 315 _Marmol_, 254-5 Marti, 315 Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico, 154-5 Mestizos, 103, 356-60 Mexico, 48; first Constitution of, 83, 92-3 (149-63); intervention of the French, 153 Militarism, 86-94 _Mill, James_, 272 _Mill, J. S._, 274-5 Miranda, 66, 81, 83 Miscegenation, 48-50; in Peru, 194; _see_ Indians, Mestizos, Negro, Race Monagas, J. T. and J. G., Presidents of Venezuela, 103-5 Monagas, J. R., President of Venezuela, 107 Monarchy in Spain, 35-8; its relations at time of revolution with the revolted colonies, 60-1, 63 Monks, 52-3 Monopoly, 51-2 Monroe Doctrine, 290-1, 302-4, 392 _Montalvo_, 239-40 Montezuma, 48 Montt, President of Chili, 168-9 Mosquera, President of Colombia 206-7 _Münsterberg, Professor_, 294 Mystics of Spain, 33 _NABUCO, J._, 274 Nationality, early phases of, 84 Negroes, first introduction of, 49, 50; distribution of, 53, 355-6, 358-9 _Nervo, A._, 265 New Granada, 77 _Nietzsche_, 278 North American Peril, 298-312 Nuñez, Rafael, President of Colombia, 201, 206-11, 276 _OLMEDO_, 251 Olney, Secretary, 300 Orbegoso, 123 Ordoñez, President of Uruguay, 132 Oribe, President of Uruguay, 129 PACIFIC, Confederation of the, 343 Paez, President of Venezuela, 61, 87, 91, 101-6 _Palma, R._, 267 Panama, 303; the Canal, 387-8 Pando, 126 Paraguay, 191-7; the great war in, 196-7 _Pardo, Felipe_, 252 Pardo, President of Peru, 117-9 Paz, 140 _Pearson, Karl_, 362 Pedro, Dom, I., 182 Pedro, Dom, II., 185-6, 188 Pelucones, 92 Peru, 68, 70-1; first Constitution, 82; 92-3 (113-121); War of Independence, 113, 342 Philosophy, 271-80 Picaro, the, in literature, 34, 43 Pierola, President of Peru, 120 Pitt, 83 Plutocracy, rise of, 94; future of, 97 Poincaré, R., 14 Political conflict, the, 92; problems, 365-77 Popham, Sir Home, 65 Portales, President of Chili, 118, 124, 165-8