Le Morte Darthur: Sir Thomas Malory's Book of King Arthur and his Noble; Knights of the Round TableMalory, Thomas, Sir
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Le Morte Darthur: Sir Thomas Malory's Book of King Arthur and his Noble; Knights of the Round Table
Malory, Thomas, Sir
Arthurian romances
Knights of the Round Table had spread through Italy by the side of the
French romances of Roland and Charlemagne[10] but this curious transfer
of an incident from Camelot in Somersetshire, to Mount Etna in Sicily
seems as if it must have been due to some Norman troubadour who had
actually passed from one land to the other, and given the proper local
colouring to the story in its new home as the bee carries fertility
from one garden to another. Scotland, too, among the stories by which
she claimed her part in Arthur and his knights, had a tale how ‘Arthour
Knycht he raid on nycht with gylten spur and candel lycht[11].’
Legend tells that Glastonbury—founded by Joseph of Arimathea, and his
burial-place, though his body was vainly sought in Edward III’s
reign—possesses the coffin of Arthur. It is said that Henry II found
the bodies of Arthur and Guenever there, and that Guenever had yellow
hair. Their skulls were afterwards taken for relics by Edward
Longshanks and Eleanor.
Almesbury, where Guenever died a nun, is a town in Wiltshire, seven and
a half miles from Salisbury, where may still be seen the ruins of its
celebrated abbey. The name was originally Ambrosebury, then Ambresbury,
and lastly Amesbury, as it is now spelt.
The ruins of the castle of Tintagil, too, may still be seen in Cornwall.
Joyous Gard, Launcelot’s favourite castle, is sometimes identified with
Berwick. Malory tells us that ‘some men say it was Anwick, and some men
say it was Bamborow.’ Bamborow, or Bamborough, is in Northumberland,
sixteen miles southeast of Berwick. The castle, founded in the middle
of the sixth century, which is the supposed time of Arthur’s reign,
stands on a high rock projecting into the North Sea. It now contains a
granary, hospital, and other endowments made for the poor in 1715 by
Lord Crewe, bishop of Durham. Did he think of his predecessor
Launcelot, and his doles of ‘flesh, fish, wine and ale, and twelve
pence to any man and woman, come who would?’
The names of some other places in this book are given in the Glossary.
THE SANGREAL.
Let us turn to the Sangreal, or Holy Grail, the Quest of which forms so
important a part of Malory’s book. The word ‘Grail’ means a dish, a
drinking vessel, or a tureen, in the Romance language, and is probably
derived from the Low Latin ‘gradalis’ or ‘grasalis’; and this from the
Greek ‘crater’: and the old writers describe it sometimes as a shallow
vessel for holding food, and sometimes as a cup[12]. The legend of the
Grail is traced back to Pagan times, where it appears as a miraculously
food-producing vessel, of which we perhaps see a survival in the coming
of the Sangreal to Launcelot and King Pelles, and at the feast of
Pentecost which led to the Quest:—
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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