3. The herein-described process of desulphurizing lead ores, which consists in mixing raw ores with limestone, then filling the mixture into a chamber, then subjecting the mixture to the simultaneous application of heat and a current of air in sufficient proportions to substantially complete the desulphurization in one operation, the mixture being introduced into the chamber in partial charges introduced successively at intervals during the process, substantially as described. 4. The herein-described process of desulphurizing lead ores, then moistening the mixture, then filling it without previous roasting into a chamber, then heating it and treating it by a current of air, the mixture being introduced into the chamber in partial charges introduced successively at intervals during the process, as and for the purpose described. 5. The herein-described process of desulphurizing lead ores, which process consists in first mixing the ores with sufficient limestone to keep the temperature of the mixture below the melting-point of the ore, then filling the mixture into a chamber, then heating said mixture and treating it with a current of air, as and for the purpose described. 6. The herein-described process of desulphurizing lead ores, which process consists in first mixing the ores with sufficient limestone to mechanically separate the particles of galena sufficiently to prevent fusion, and to keep the temperature below the melting-point of the ore by the liberation of carbon dioxide, then filling the mixture into a chamber, then heating said mixture and treating it with a current of air, as and for the purpose described. The Carmichael-Bradford process differs from the Savelsberg by the treatment of the raw ore mixed with gypsum instead of limestone, and differs from the Huntington-Heberlein both in respect to the use of gypsum and the omission of the preliminary roasting. The Carmichael-Bradford process has not been threatened with litigation, so far as I am aware. The claims of its original patent read as follows[38]: 1. The process of treating mixed sulphide ores, which consists in mixing with said ores a sulphur compound of a metal of the alkaline earths, starting the reaction by heating the same, thereby oxidizing the sulphide and reducing the sulphur compound of the alkali metal, passing a current of air to oxidize the reduced sulphide compound of the metal of the alkalies preparatory to acting upon a new charge of sulphide ores, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 2. The process of treating mixed sulphide ores, which consists in mixing calcium sulphate with said ores, starting the reaction by means of heat, thereby oxidizing the sulphide ores, liberating sulphurous-acid gas and converting the calcium sulphate into calcium sulphide and oxidizing the calcium sulphide to sulphate preparatory to treating a fresh charge of sulphide ores, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.