My first experiments were carried out without the addition of gelatine to the fluosilicate solution. The lead deposit consisted of more or less separate crystals that grew toward the anode, and, finally, caused short circuits. The cathodes, which were sheet-iron plates, lead-plated and paraffined, had to be removed periodically from the tanks and passed through rolls, to pack down the lead. When gelatine has been added in small quantities, the density of the lead is greater than can be produced by rolling the crystalline deposit, unless great pressure is used. The Canadian Smelting Works, Trail, B. C. , have installed a refinery, making use of this process. There are 28 refining-tanks, each 86 in. long, 30 in. wide and 42 in. deep, and each receiving 22 anodes of lead bullion with an area of 26 by 33 in. exposed to the electrolyte on each side, and 23 cathodes of sheet lead, about 1/16 in. thick, prepared by deposition on lead-plated and paraffined iron cathodes. The cathodes are suspended from 0.5 by 1 in. copper bars, resting crosswise on the sides of the tanks. The experiment has been thoroughly tried of using iron sheets to receive a deposit thicker than 1/16 in.; that is, suitable for direct melting without the necessity of increasing its weight by further deposition as an independent cathode; but the iron sheets are expensive, and are slowly pitted by the action of the acid solution; and the lead deposits thus obtained are much less smooth and pure than those on lead sheets. The smoothness and the purity of the deposited lead are proportional. Most of the impurity seems to be introduced mechanically through the attachment of floating particles of slime to irregularities on the cathodes. The effect of roughness is cumulative; it is often observed that particles of slime attract an undue amount of current, resulting in the lumps seen in the cathodes. Samples taken at the same time showed from 1 to 2.5 oz. silver per ton in rough pieces from the iron cathodes, 0.25 oz. as an average for the lead-sheet cathodes, and only 0.04 oz. in samples selected for their smoothness. The variation in the amount of silver (which is determined frequently) in the samples of refined lead is attributed not to the greater or less turbidity of the electrolyte at different times, but to the employment of new men in the refinery, who require some experience before they remove cathodes without detaching some slime from the neighboring anodes.