Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic HistoryClayton, Joseph
History
Leaders of the People: Studies in Democratic History
Clayton, Joseph
Democracy; Great Britain -- History
It was not easy to get the sentence pronounced against Thomas. Barons
and bishops were willing enough to stand well with the king, and they
agreed without contradiction to the fine. But the barons declined to
act as judge on a spiritual peer, and insisted that one of the bishops
must do this business. Henry, Bishop of Winchester, at last, on the
king’s order, pronounced the sentence.
Thomas protested. “If I were silent at such a sentence posterity would
not be. This is a new form of sentence, no doubt in accordance with
the new laws of Clarendon. Never has it been heard before in England
that an Archbishop of Canterbury has been tried in the King’s Court
for such a cause. The dignity of the Church, the authority of his
person, the fact that he is the spiritual father of the king and of
all his subjects, require that he should be reverenced by all.” For
an archbishop to be judged by his suffragans was, he declared, for a
father to be judged by his sons.
The bishops implored him to bow to the decree of the council, and
Thomas yielded, “not being willing that a mere matter of money should
cause strife between the king and himself.”
The next day, Friday, October 9th, the king pressed Thomas more
fiercely, calling upon him to give account for large sums spent during
his chancellorship, and for various revenues of vacant churches during
that period. The total amount was 30,000 marks.
In vain the archbishop urged that this demand was totally unexpected;
that he had not been summoned to Northampton to render such an account;
and that the justiciar, Richard, had declared that he was free of
all claims when he laid down the chancellorship. The king demanded
sureties, “and from that day barons and knights kept away from the
archbishop’s house--for they understood the mind of the king.”
All Saturday Thomas was in consultation with the bishops, most of whom
expressed themselves strongly on the king’s side. Henry of Winchester
suggested the present of 2,000 marks to the king as a peace-offering,
and this was done. But the king would not have it. Hilary, of
Chichester, said, addressing the archbishop, “You ought to know the
king better than we do, for you lived with him in close companionship
and friendship when you were chancellor. Who is there who could be
your surety for all this money? The king has declared, so it is said,
that he and you cannot both remain in England as king and archbishop.
It would be much safer to resign everything and submit to his mercy.
God forbid lest he arrest you over these moneys of the chancellorship,
or lay hands on you.” One or two less craven urged the archbishop to
stand firm, as his predecessors had done, in the face of persecution.
“Oh, that you were no longer archbishop and were only Thomas,” said
Hilary, putting the matter briefly.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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