Leadwork, Old and Ornamental and for the most part EnglishLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
History
Leadwork, Old and Ornamental and for the most part English
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Leadwork
Some of these lead fonts (that at Wareham for instance) appear to have
been cast in one piece. But for the most part they are small low
cylinders cast flat in sheet with the ornaments repeated usually more
than once in the sand mould; the casting was then bent round and
soldered. In one case, where it is not joined so as to form a cylinder,
but with the sides spreading to the top, the band of ornamentation which
was straight on the sheet runs up as it approaches the joint in a most
amusing way. The patterns consist of delicate scroll-work, arcades and
boldly modelled figures 10 or 12 inches high; a moulding strengthens the
upper and lower edges. They stand on stone pedestals.
There are altogether some twenty-eight or thirty of these fonts in
England.
[Illustration: FIG. 27.--Font, Brookland, Kent.]
The font at Brookland at Kent is very small, only 11 inches high, an
arcade surrounds it of two stages in twelve bays. In the upper tier are
the signs of the Zodiac with their Latin names, and below the subjects
of the labours appropriate to the months with their names in Norman
French. This scheme of imagery is well known abroad but while often
occurring in English MSS. this is one of very few examples of its
treatment in sculpture. Although the scale of the figures is small and
they are but slightly modelled, there is a great deal of character,
appropriateness, and grace, in their gesture.
[Illustration: FIG. 28.--Font, Brookland.]
A comparative table of the usual scenes which accompany the signs has
been given in _Archæologia_, and another, probably more accessible, in
the _Stones of Venice_. With the examples there given the scenes on the
font very closely agree. They are inscribed in capitals:--
AQUARIUS.--JANVIER. A Janus-headed figure feasting.
PISCES.--FEVRIER. Warming feet at fire.
ARIES.--MARS. Man hooded and pruning a vine.
TAURUS.--AVRIL. Young girl with lilies in her hand.
GEMINI.--MAI. Man on horse, hawk on wrist.
CANCER.--JUIN. Mowing with a scythe.
LEO.--JULIUS. Man with wide brim hat raking hay.
VIRGO.--AOUT. Cutting corn.
LIBRA.--SEPTEMBRE. Threshing corn.
SCORPIO.--OCTOBRE. Treading out wine.
SAGITTARIUS.--NOVEMBRE. Woman lighting with candles the next
scene, or feeding the pigs.
CAPRICORNUS.--DECEMBRE. Man, killing swine with axe.
The signs are thus represented:--Aquarius, man pouring water from a jug.
Pisces, two fish as usual reversed. The ram and the bull are much alike.
The twins and the crab are not remarkable, except the latter for
unlikeness. Leo is a good heraldic beast. The Virgin, much obscured.
Libra, a man with scales. Scorpio, is certainly a frog. Sagittarius, a
centaur. Capricorn is indeed a capricious creature like a cockatrice
with horns. The forequarters of a goat with fish-tail is the traditional
form for this sign handed on from the Roman Zodiac.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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