LECTURES ON ANCIENT ETHNOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY. LECTURES ON ANCIENT ETHNOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY, COMPRISING GREECE AND HER COLONIES, EPIRUS, MACEDONIA, ILLYRICUM, ITALY, GAUL, SPAIN, BRITAIN, THE NORTH OF AFRICA, ETC. BY B. G. NIEBUHR. TRANSLATED FROM THE GERMAN EDITION OF DR. ISLER, BY DR. LEONHARD SCHMITZ, F.R.S.E. RECTOR OF THE HIGH SCHOOL OF EDINBURGH; WITH ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS FROM HIS OWN MS. NOTES. IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. II. LONDON: WALTON AND MABERLY, UPPER GOWER STREET, AND IVY LANE, PATERNOSTER ROW. M.DCCC.LIII. LONDON: PRINTED BY J. WERTHEIMER AND CO. CIRCUS PLACE, FINSBURY CIRCUS. CONTENTS OF VOL. II. PAGE Italy, its name 1 Population 3 Physical character 10 Divisions of Italy 13 Latium 30 Extent of Latium 31 Latin Colonies 32 Jus Latii, Latinitas 33 Different names of the Latini 33 Physical condition of Latium 37 TOPOGRAPHY OF ROME 41 The most ancient parts 41 The Seven Hills, Septimontium 42 The Agger of Servius Tullius 43 Further extension 43 The Regions of Augustus 44 Nature of the ground 46 The Cloacae 47 Fortification of ancient towns 48 Course of the ancient walls of Rome 48 The Marrana 50 Suburbs 52 Extension of the city 52 Tombs 52 _Horti, Villae_ 53 The Wall of Aurelian 57 The Gates 59