Knotted sticks, or ropes, with thorns, or iron points were customarily used as instruments of chastisement by the Jews, when they were successful in subjugating another race of people[115] and they did not hesitate to apply the scourge on all occasions, as they regarded this as a method of teaching foreign nations their strength and their power to punish, so that it would be advertised abroad and cause other timorous nations to voluntarily submit to their authority. David smote the Moabites with a line and cast them down to the ground and he scourged them and they became his servants and brought him gifts, to avoid being further scourged in this manner.[116] And he brought the children of Ammon out from the cities and not only scourged them with thorns and knotted sticks, with iron pikes in the sticks, but subjected them to saws and arrows of iron and made them to pass through the brick kiln.[117] _The Bilboes_, were used in Spain and England, at an early day, for slanderers and other petty offenders. By means of this instrument, the culprit was held with his feet aloft, on his back, exposed to the public gaze and ridicule of the passers-by. The American Colonists made frequent use of this instrument of punishment and we read that in good old Massachusetts, in August, 1632, one “James Woodward was sett in the bilbowes, for being drunk at the Newetowne,” the name Cambridge then went by.[118] _The Ducking-stool_, a stool or seat, arranged at the end of a rope tied to a long pole, so it could be lowered into the water, was used as a punishment for “scolds” and “slanderers” in old England and by the early American Colonies. Virginia, Maryland and other of the American Colonies, provided for the use of the ducking-stool and other similar correctionary punishments, by statutes.[119] As late as the year 1811, in Georgia, one Miss Palmer was sentenced to be ducked, as a scold or slanderer, in the Oconee River[120] and in Washington, according to the interesting book on “Curious Punishments of By-Gone Days,” by Alice Morse Earle, almost in our own day, Mrs. Anne Royal, Editor of the “Washington Paul Pry,” was sentenced before Judge William Cranch to suffer punishment by being ducked in the Potomac River.[121] _The Stocks_ graced each parish, in England, at an early day and along with the _pillory_ and the _rack_, were used on different classes of petty criminals. Many criminals were also punished by the American Colonists by use of the stocks and the pillory, and in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Virginia and Maryland, the manners and morals of many an early patriot were mended by the use of these instruments.[122]