[46] Select Pl. Cr. pl. 191; Munim. Gildh. i, 101; II. Pollock and Maitland’s History English Law, p. 511. [47] 22 Henry VIII. c. 9. This statute was passed in 1531. [48] IV. Reeve’s History English Law, p. 427. [49] The Winter’s Tale, Act III., Scene II.; White’s “Law in Shakespeare,” p. 186, Sec. 146. [50] Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 46, p. 364. As late as the sixteenth century, in England, counterfeiters were punished by being thrown into boiling water. Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 46, p. 364. [51] Llorente, ii, 147, 237. [52] Lea’s “History of the Inquisition.” [53] Lea’s “Superstition and Force,” (3 ed.) p. 404. [54] Lea’s “Superstition and Force,” (3 ed.) p. 409. [55] _Ante idem._ 407, 409. [56] Llorente’s _Istoria de la Inquisition_; Lea’s “History of the Inquisition.” [57] _Ante idem._ [58] Lea’s “Superstition and Force,” (3 ed.) 451. [59] Du Cange’s _Questionarius_. [60] L. Tanon, Registre Crimenel de la Justice de S. Martin-des-Champs, Introd. p. 85. [61] _Ante idem._ In applying the ordinary and extraordinary question, in France, by means of the _estrapado_, an iron key was placed between the palms of the accused’s hands, and they were tied behind his back and, by means of a rope passed through a pulley, in the ceiling, he was raised twelve inches above the floor with a weight of one hundred and eighty pounds to his right foot. This was the “ordinary” question. In applying the “extraordinary” interrogation, the same process was used, but the accused was raised up to the ceiling, with a two hundred and fifty pound weight tied to his foot, in a running line, two or three times, with the result that he usually swooned before the ceiling was reached the last time. (Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 46, p. 504.) [62] Lea’s “Superstition and Force,” (3 ed.) 441, 442. [63] Registrae Criminel de Chatelet de Paris, 1, 36. [64] _Ante idem._, p. 36. [65] Register Criminal du Chatelet de Paris, 201, 209. [66] _Idem._, p. 322. [67] Lalanne, Recueil des anciennes Lois Francaisse, tome xx, pp. 284, etc. [68] _Ante idem._ [69] Article by W. H. Davenport Adams, in Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 46, p. 506, entitled “_Pains and Penalties_.” [70] History of Jean D’Auton; Holinshed’s History. [71] Holinshed; Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 46, p. 371. [72] _Ante idem._ [73] The Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 46, p. 372. [74] _Ante idem._ [75] The Gentleman’s Magazine, Vol. 46, p. 370. [76] Exodus, XXI., 24; 2 Kings, XXV., 7; Rawlinson’s Anc. Mon. [77] 2 Samuel, IV., 12; Rawlinson’s Anc. Mon. iii, 7. [78] Rawlinson’s Anc. Mon. iii, 194. [79] 2 Samuel, X., 4. [80] Rawlinson’s Anc. Mon. i, 478; iii, 246; Herodotus, IV., 64. [81] Samuel, VIII., 2; XII., 31; Stanley’s History Jew. Ch. [82] Leviticus, XIX., 20. 2 Corinthians, XI., 24; Josephus, Ant. IV., VIII., 21. [83] Lea’s “Superstition and Force,” (3 ed.) 375. [84] Exodus, XXI., 24; Leviticus, XXIV. 20. [85] John’s “Babylonian Laws,” etc.; Rawlinson’s _Anc. Mon._ [86] Esther, VII., 8.