After leaving his land in Nova Scotia, with his books and the debts owing to him by his son, William Franklin, former Governor of the Jerseys, the great statesman, philosopher and patriot, Benjamin Franklin, referred to his son’s part in attempting to deprive him of his property, during the war, as an excuse for not leaving him more of his estate. He left his dwelling house and three new houses, printing office, silver plate and household goods, to his daughter, Sarah Bache, and her husband, in entirety with remainder to their heirs, “as tenants in common and not as joint tenants.”[60] The picture of the king of France, set with four hundred and eight diamonds, he left to his daughter, with the admonition not to use the diamonds to make ornaments for herself, so as not to thereby “introduce the expensive, vain and useless pastime of wearing jewels in this country.” He desired his philosophical instruments in Philadelphia, to go to his ingenious friend, Francis Hopkinson, and by a codicil, he left his “fine crab-tree walking-stick” to his friend and “the friend of mankind, General Washington. If it were a sceptre, he has merited it and would become it. It was a present to me from that excellent woman, Madame de Forbach, the Dowager Duchess of Deux Ponts, connected with some verses, which go with it.” He left a bond to his son-in-law, on the condition that he manumit and set free his negro man. This great patriot and friend of mankind, like General Washington, in his last testament, therefore, registered his opposition to human slavery, an institution that was to be finally abolished a half century later in the United States, through the efforts of the great “Emancipator.” The will of the great Chief Justice John Marshall, is declared by him to be “entirely in my own handwriting”; he left his estate equally to his only daughter and his five sons and accompanying the will is a splendid eulogy to his deceased wife, whom he characterized as the “most affectionate of mothers.”[61] The will of Captain Miles Standish, Longfellow’s hero, was made March 7’, 1656. He desired his just debts to “bee paied”; that his body should be “buried in Decent manor ... as near as conveniently may bee to my two daughters, Lora Standish, my daughter, and Mary Standish, my daughter-in-law.” His dear and loving wife, Barbara Standish, was left a third of his estate; forty pounds were left to each of four sons and to his son Josias, upon his marriage, he left “one young horse, five sheep and two heifers,” with his forty pound legacy, if his estate “will bear it att p’sent.” His friends, Mr. Timothy Hatherly and Capt. James Cudworth, were appointed “supervisors” of his will, for he knew that they would “be pleased to Doe the office of Christian love to bee healpfull to my poor wife and Children by their Christian Counsell and advice.”[62]