Ordeal, by the cross, 143. Ordeal, of the bier, as presented in Richard III., 166. Ordeal, by balance, 143. Ordeal, by poison, 143. Ordeal, by water, 143. Ordeal, by hot oil, 143. Ordeal, influence of Church on trials by, 168, 169. Ordeal, under Ine, 149. Ordeal, trials, under Richard I., 163. Ordeal, trials, reported by Palgrave, 163, 164. Ordeal, of bier, as presented in “Minstrelsy of Scottish Border”, 166. Ordeal, of bier, in “Fair Maid of Perth” (note), 166. Ordeal, to establish paternity of children, 159. Ordeal, under Athelstan, 149. Ordeal, under Canute, 152. Ordeal, under Edward the Elder, 152. Ordeal, under Edward the Confessor, 152. Ordeal, under William Rufus, 156. Ordeal, under Charlemagne, 147, 148. Ordeal, under William the Conqueror, 153. Ordeal, under Henry II., 154, 155. Ordeal, in time of Glanville, 155. Ordeal, abolished by Henry III., 157. Ostracism, in ancient Greece, 81. Otho, established trial by battle, in 983 A. D., 112. P Partnership, marriage, a, by Roman law, 16. Palgrave’s record of ordeal trials, 163, 164. Parson’s, Chief Justice, on marriages at common law, 23. Paynel, William and Margaret’s case, in 1302, 26. _Peine forte et dure_, 172, 195. _Peine forte et dure_, definition of, 172. _Peine forte et dure_, proceeding in, 174. _Peine forte et dure_, judgment in, 172, 173. _Peine forte et dure_, applied in 1215 (note), 174. _Peine forte et dure_, case of, in 1219, 178. _Peine forte et dure_, statute of Westminster on, 178. _Peine forte et dure_, under Edward I., 175, 176. _Peine forte et dure_, under Henry III., 178. _Peine forte et dure_, under Edward III., 179, 180. _Peine forte et dure_ during Bracton’s time, 179. _Peine forte et dure_, under Henry IV., 180. _Peine forte et dure_, under Henry VII. (note), 180. _Peine forte et dure_, cases of, in 1221, 179. _Peine forte et dure_, from 15th to 18th century, 177. _Peine forte et dure_, from 16th to 17th century, 184. _Peine forte et dure_, abolished in 1772, 189. _Peine forte et dure_, in United States, 187, 190. _Peine forte et dure_, abolished by act of Congress, in U. S., in 1825, 191. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Giles Cory, in 1692, 187, 189. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Walter Calverly, 184. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Margaret Clitherow, 180, 183. _Peine forte et dure_, case of John Durant, in 1734, 187. _Peine forte et dure_, case of John Felton, in 1628 (note), 185. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Anthony Arrowsmith, 183. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Burnworth, in 1726, 186. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Phillips, in 1720, 186. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Nathaniel Hawes, in 1721, 186. _Peine forte et dure_, illustrations of, from Shakespeare, 192, 193. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Sir Richard Weston, in 1615, 184, 185.