_Peine forte et dure_, case of Major Strangeways, in 1657, 185. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Juliana Quick, 180. _Peine forte et dure_, case of Cecelia Rygeway, 180. _Peine forte et dure_, in 1827, 190. _Peine forte et dure_, conclusions regarding, 193, 195. Penn, William’s trial of witches, 62. Penn, will of William, 328. Pericles, marriage under, 27. Perjury, battle established to prevent, 112. Persia, form of marriages in, 34, 35. Petalism, law of repealed, 452 B. C., 87. Petalism, in Syracuse, 86. Phillips, of Newgate, case of, in 1720, 186. _Piepoudre_ courts, under Anglo-Saxons, 90. Plato, will of, 310. Poetic wills, 330, 333. Poison, ordeal by, 143, 146. Pelagius I., Pope, case of law wager, in 6th century, 209. Poland, capture-marriages in (note), 13. Political methods, trial of judges by, in Greece, 105. Polygamy, definition of, 15. Polygamy, established by Lamech, among Hebrews, 15. Polygamy, among Hebrews, 15. Polygamy, prohibited by Diocletian, 16. Polygamy, in Persia, 15. Polygamy, in Turkey, 15. Polygamy, in Rome, 15. Polyandry, definition of, 15. Polyandry, origin of, 16. Polyandry, practiced in India, Thibet and Ceylon, 16. Preators, recalled in Rome, 87. Precipitation, punishment by, 279. Pressing to death (See _peine forte et dure_), 172, 195. Primogeniture, effect of, on law of wills, 317. Priscot, C. J., on trial by battle for treason, 118. Privilege of sanctuary (See sanctuary), 244, 272. Procedure of recall, in Athens, 82. Property rights of wife, by Roman law, 16. Property, protected by courts, alone, 103. Punishment, as viewed by Beccaria, 274. Punishment, definition of, 273. Punishment, by Chatelet, of Paris, 289, 292 Punishment, by beheading, 276. Punishment, by Bilboes, 303. Punishment, by blinding, 295. Punishment, by boiling in oil, 285. Punishment, by branding, with hot iron, 297. Punishment, by crank, 305. Punishment, by burning to death, 276. Punishment, by burying alive, 282. Punishment, by crucifixion, 280. Punishment, by cutting off ears, 296. Punishment, by drawing and quartering, 283, 284. Punishment, by drowning, 277. Punishment, by ducking, 303. Punishment, by exposure to wild beasts, 279. Punishment, by flaying, 300. Punishment, by guillotine, 293. Punishment, by hanging, 279. Punishment, by inquisition, 286, 288. Punishment, by Massola, 293, 294. Punishment, by plucking off the hair, 299. Punishment, by precipitation, 279. Punishment, by rack, 304. Punishment, by sawing asunder, 279. Punishment, by scourging with thorns, 302. Punishment, by stocks, 304. Punishment, by strangling, 279. Punishment, by stoning to death, 279. Punishment, by wheel, 301. Punishments (See ancient punishments), 273, 306. Purchase of justice, in England, 91. Putative marriages, 26. Q