Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. See 65103-h.htm or 65103-h.zip: (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/65103/65103-h/65103-h.htm) or (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/65103/65103-h.zip) Images of the original pages are available through Internet Archive. See https://archive.org/details/legendaryislands00babc Transcriber’s note: Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). A caret character is used to denote superscription. A single character following the caret is superscripted (example: y^a). LEGENDARY ISLANDS OF THE ATLANTIC American Geographical Society Research Series No. 8 W. L. G. Joerg, Editor LEGENDARY ISLANDS OF THE ATLANTIC A Study in Medieval Geography by WILLIAM H. BABCOCK Author of “Early Norse Visits to North America” [Illustration] New York American Geographical Society 1922 Copyright, 1922 by The American Geographical Society of New York The Conde Nast Press Greenwich, Conn. CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I INTRODUCTION 1 II ATLANTIS 11 III ST. BRENDAN’S EXPLORATIONS AND ISLANDS 34 IV THE ISLAND OF BRAZIL 50 V THE ISLAND OF THE SEVEN CITIES 68 VI THE PROBLEM OF MAYDA 81 VII GREENLAND OR GREEN ISLAND 94 VIII MARKLAND, OTHERWISE NEWFOUNDLAND 114 IX ESTOTILAND AND THE OTHER ISLANDS OF ZENO 124 X ANTILLIA AND THE ANTILLES 144 XI CORVO, OUR NEAREST EUROPEAN NEIGHBOR 164 XII THE SUNKEN LAND OF BUSS AND OTHER PHANTOM ISLANDS 174 XIII SUMMARY 187 INDEX 191 The following chapters are reprinted, with modifications, from the _Geographical Review_: III, Vol. 8, 1919; V, Vol. 7, 1919; VI, Vol. 9, 1920; VIII, Vol. 4, 1917; X, Vol. 9, 1920; XI, Vol. 5, 1918. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS (_All illustrations, except Figs. 1, 15, and 23, are reproductions of medieval maps. The source is indicated in a general way in each title; the precise reference will be found in the text where the map is first discussed._) FIG. PAGE 1 Map of the Sargasso Sea, 1:72,000,000 28 2 The Pizigani, 1367 (two sections) 40–41 3 Beccario, 1426 45 4 Dalorto, 1325 51