Bastille; Latude, Henri Masers de, 1725-1805; Mattioli, Ercole Antonio, conte, 1640-1703
Surprised at seeing so many armed men, he asks them if Louis XV. is
still alive. They set him free, they lead him to the Hôtel de Ville.
For fifteen days all Paris went to visit the black dungeon in which this
unhappy wretch had been shut up for so many years without other light
than that which escaped "from his eyes"! A stone from that dungeon had a
place in the Curtius Museum. His portrait was published. A print
represents him at the moment when his chains were broken, seated on a
chair in his cell, a pitcher of water by his side!
And this hapless greybeard--he was never seen! He never existed!
In reality there were in the Bastille, on the 14th of July, only seven
prisoners--two madmen, a _Sadique_,[17] and four forgers. But about
their number and their right to imprisonment Michelet remains dumb: to
discuss that would spoil his epic! And he excels in making the most of
everything that can support his case, and in ignoring everything that
damages it. And so he contents himself with speaking of the two who had
"gone mad"!--a prevarication worthy of Louis Blanc, nay, unworthy even
of him!
The conquerors were somewhat surprised at the small number of victims,
more surprised still to find them comfortably installed in rooms, some
of which were furnished with arm-chairs in Utrecht velvet! The author of
_The Bastille Unmasked_ exclaims: "What! No corpses! No skeletons! No
men in chains!" "The taking of the Bastille," said "Cousin Jacques,"[18]
"has opened the eyes of the public on the kind of captivity experienced
there."
But in this he was greatly mistaken. Legends die hard! A Bastille
without cells, dungeons, cages of iron! Public opinion did not admit
that it could have been deceived on that point.
"Several prisoners," says the _History of Remarkable Events_, "were set
at liberty; but some, and perhaps the greater number, had already died
of hunger, because men could not find their way about this monstrous
prison. Some of these prisoners confined within four walls received food
only through holes cut in the wall. A party of prisoners was found
starved to death, because their cells were not discovered till several
days had elapsed!"
Another pamphlet on the underground cells discovered in the Bastille,
resuscitating an old fable which had already done duty for the Cardinal
de Richelieu, shows us a prisoner taken from his cell and led by the
governor into "a room which had nothing sinister in its appearance. It
was lit by more than fifty candles. Sweet-scented flowers filled it with
a delicious perfume. The tyrant chatted amicably with his prisoner....
Then he gave the horrible signal: a bascule let into the floor opened,
and the wretched man disappeared, falling upon a wheel stuck with razors
and set in motion by invisible hands." And the author winds up with this
magnificent reflection:--"Such a punishment, so basely contrived, is not
even credible--and yet it was at Paris, in that beautiful and
flourishing city, that this took place!"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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