have an inner or upper straight, or slightly concave margin. We once did an iridectomy directly through a small early nodule, and put a stop to its further growth. On anatomical examination we also find a leprous affection of the anterior part of the retina over the ciliary body, which appears as a fine white spotting of the retina; the ciliary nerves are always for a considerable distance backwards infiltrated with leprosy, as are the _membrana supra choroidea_ and the choroid itself. [Illustration: PLATE II.] On the extremities the nodules always appear singly, but when closely set may run together to form large plaques. On the backs of the hands and fingers nodules are very frequently, and on the extensor surfaces of the thighs and the front of the legs almost always, found. The calves are often also infiltrated as a whole, especially on the fibular side close above the ankle, and this infiltration reaches as high as the middle of the leg; the skin is tense and shiny, reddish blue in colour, and in this infiltrated part ulcers resembling varicose ulcers readily appear, which are as difficult, if not more so, to heal. They are surrounded by thick elevated walls, may last for years, and occasionally completely surround the leg. Of the mucous membranes, those of the nose, mouth, larynx and pharynx are affected. The nasal mucous membrane is affected only in its anterior part along with the alæ nasi and the anterior part of the septum. If a general infiltration takes place in this situation, the softening and ulceration which may ensue lead eventually to the disappearance of all the soft parts of the nose; the bones are never affected. (See _Plate III_, a case in which the leprosy developed in 1848, and was of the tuberous variety. The tubers disappeared partly by suppuration. In 1857 he entered an asylum and then presented the same appearances as in the photograph. He was then anæsthetic. There were cicatrices in the face due to the disappearance of the nodules, the point of the nose was gone, but the nasal bones were intact, thus differing from syphilis. He died in 1885.) In the mouth, the mucous membrane of the lips, of course, shares in the process when these are completely infiltrated, and even on the mucous membrane of the cheeks one occasionally sees and feels thickening and infiltration. The tongue is often the seat of nodules, which in all respects correspond to those of the skin. The gums, the velum, and the uvula may be either infiltrated or dotted with nodules. The rest of the mucous membrane of the pharynx is more frequently infiltrated than beset with nodules, and the same is true of the epiglottis, which sometimes becomes quite stiff and almost immoveable. In the larynx, the true and false cords are more frequently the seat of infiltration than of nodules; the voice is rough and hoarse, the rima glottidis is often so narrowed that respiration is rendered difficult; excessive narrowing of the rima is only present in