Science does not know its debt to imagination. Goethe did not believe
that a great naturalist could exist without this faculty. He was himself
conscious of its help, which made him a prophet among the doctors. From
this vision he gave brave hints to the zoölogist, the botanist, and the
optician.
_Poetry._--The primary use of a fact is low: the secondary use, as it is
a figure or illustration of my thought, is the real worth. First, the
fact; second, its impression, or what I think of it. Hence Nature was
called "a kind of adulterated reason." Seas, forests, metals, diamonds,
and fossils interest the eye, but 'tis only with some preparatory or
predicting charm. Their value to the intellect appears only when I hear
their meaning made plain in the spiritual truth they cover. The mind,
penetrated with its sentiment or its thought, projects it outward on
whatever it beholds. The lover sees reminders of his mistress in every
beautiful object; the saint, an argument for devotion in every natural
process; and the facility with which Nature lends itself to the thoughts
of man, the aptness with which a river, a flower, a bird, fire, day, or
night, can express his fortunes, is as if the world were only a
disguised man, and, with a change of form, rendered to him all his
experience. We cannot utter a sentence in sprightly conversation without
a similitude. Note our incessant use of the word _like_,--like fire,
like a rock, like thunder, like a bee, "like a year without a spring."
Conversation is not permitted without tropes; nothing but great weight
in things can afford a quite literal speech. It is ever enlivened by
inversion and trope. God himself does not speak prose, but communicates
with us by hints, omens, inference, and dark resemblances in objects
lying all around us.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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