Letters from a Sûfî TeacherManiri, Sharaf al-Din Ahmad ibn Yahya
Islamic
Letters from a Sûfî Teacher
Maniri, Sharaf al-Din Ahmad ibn Yahya
Sufism -- Early works to 1800
(_a_) Vices. Their commission in the mind or with the body does
not serve His Cause.
(_b_) Too much of lawful enjoyments. This is the root of all
failures and sins.
(2) The second group is purely divine, but may be turned to selfish use
by an impure motive, _e. g._, meditation, prayer and asceticism, if
practised with the object of gaining the respect of the people.
(3) The third group is apparently worldly but really divine, _e. g._,
eating for the sake of the Divine Service; marriage with the object
of begetting a child who shall repeat "There is no God save =Allâh=";
making a small fortune with the object of peacefully serving God.
In short, the world is that which gratifies the cravings of desire in
the present, and is of no use after death; that which may help on the
other side of death is not worldly.... He who appropriates the world
to the limit of _bare_ necessity (food, garment and a dwelling-house)
breaks his bonds; whereas he who seeks luxurious living exposes
himself to endless troubles....
The Great Ones have remarked that the lowest stage of purity shows
itself as an inner craving for well-being after death and a diminution
of worldly desires, ending in a gradual estrangement from this world,
and the realisation of other worlds....
The work is harder than you imagine. All worldly pleasures are sorrows
and sufferings.--_Letter 74._
RENUNCIATION OF THE WORLD.
Service of the Lord is impossible without renunciation of the world.
When thy body works for the world and thy heart longs for it, how canst
thou serve Him? The heart is one; it cannot attend to two things at the
same time. The world and the Lord are wide apart as east and west. The
more you approach the one, the farther you recede from the other....
Renunciation is twofold:--
(1) Human renunciation, _i. e._ the renunciation which can be achieved
by a man. It consists of three stages:
(_a_) Ceasing to seek for the worldly objects one has not.
(_b_) Casting off the worldly objects one has.
(_c_) Ceasing to entertain worldly desires in the mind.
(2) Superhuman renunciation, which consists in complete indifference
to the world. It can be accomplished, with the help of the Divine
Grace, by one who has achieved success in all the three stages of Human
renunciation. The second is the true renunciation with many Sages.
The expulsion of worldly desires from the mind is a most difficult
task. You will find many cases of _apparent_ renunciation, with an
_inner_ longing for the world. But when you cease to seek for what you
have not, and cast off what you have, the Divine Grace will enable you
to drive out worldly desires from your mind. Relinquishment of the
world will not give _real_ renunciation, so long as the heart still
craves for the world. The Prophets were master-ascetics. One of Them
was Solomon, who possessed the sovereignty of all the worlds, and was
certainly an ascetic.
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