Produced by Steven Gibbs, Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net THE HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY OF MODERN KNOWLEDGE XXI LIBERALISM * * * * * _EDITORS OF_ THE HOME UNIVERSITY LIBRARY OF MODERN KNOWLEDGE PROFESSOR GILBERT MURRAY, O.M., LL.D., F.B.A. PROFESSOR G. N. CLARK, LL.D., F.B.A. SIR HENRY TIZARD, K.C.B., F.R.S. * * * * * LIBERALISM _By_ L. T. HOBHOUSE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO _First published in 1911, and reprinted in 1919, 1923, 1927, 1929, 1934, 1942 and 1944_ PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE I BEFORE LIBERALISM 7 II THE ELEMENTS OF LIBERALISM 1. Civil Liberty. 2. Fiscal Liberty. 3. Personal Liberty. 4. Social Liberty. 5. Economic Liberty. 6. Domestic Liberty. 7. Local, Racial, and National Liberty. 8. International Liberty. 9. Political Liberty and Popular Sovereignty 21 III THE MOVEMENT OF THEORY 50 IV 'LAISSEZ-FAIRE' 78 V GLADSTONE AND MILL 102 VI THE HEART OF LIBERALISM 116 VII THE STATE AND THE INDIVIDUAL 138 VIII ECONOMIC LIBERALISM 167 IX THE FUTURE OF LIBERALISM 214 BIBLIOGRAPHY 252 INDEX 253 LIBERALISM CHAPTER I BEFORE LIBERALISM