Liberty in the modern stateLaski, Harold J. (Harold Joseph)
Science
Liberty in the modern state
Laski, Harold J. (Harold Joseph)
Liberty; Political science
state, the more completely are we free. The nature of the social bond
makes service to its demands the very essence of freedom.
Before I seek to analyse this view, I would point out how simply this
argument enables us to resolve the very difficult problem of social
obligation. When I obey the state, I obey the best part of myself.
The more fully I discover its purposes the more fully, also, there is
revealed to me their identity with that at which, in the long view, I
aim. So that when I obey it, I am, in fact, obeying myself; in a real
sense its commands are my own. Its view is built upon the innumerable
intelligences from the interplay of which social organization derives
its ultimate form; obviously such a view is superior in its wisdom
to the result my own petty knowledge can attain. My true liberty is,
therefore, a kind of permanent tutelage to the state, a sacrifice of my
limited purpose to its larger end upon the ground that, as this larger
end is realized, so I, too, am given realization. I may, in fact, be
most fully free when I am most suffused with the sense of compulsion.
To me, at least, this view contradicts all the major facts of
experience. It seems to me to imply not only a paralysis of the will,
but a denial of that uniqueness of individuality, that sense that each
of us is ultimately different from our fellows, that is the ultimate
fact of human experience. For as I encounter the state, it is for me a
body of men issuing orders. Most of them I can obey either with active
good will or, at least, with indifference. But I may encounter some one
order, a demand, for instance, for military service, a compulsion to
abandon my religious faith, which seems to me in direct contradiction
to the whole scheme of values I have found in life. How I can be the
more free by subordinating my judgment of right to one which directly
changes that judgment to its opposite, I cannot understand. If the
individual is not to find the source of his decisions in the contact
between the outer world and himself, in the experience, that is, which
is the one unique thing that separates him from the rest of society, he
ceases to have meaning as an individual in any sense that is creative.
For the individual is real to himself not by reason of the contacts
he shares with others, but because he reaches those contacts through
a channel which he alone can know. His true self is the self that
is isolated from his fellows and contributes the fruit of isolated
meditation to the common good, which, collectively, they seek to bring
into being.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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