Liberty in the modern stateLaski, Harold J. (Harold Joseph)
Science
Liberty in the modern state
Laski, Harold J. (Harold Joseph)
Liberty; Political science
The inference I would draw is the quite basic one that in any society
men only have an equal interest in freedom when they have an equal
interest in its results. Where those results are already possessed by
some, they seldom have the imagination to see the consequence of their
denial to others. They will persuade themselves that those others are
contented with their lot, or made differently in nature, so that they
are unfit to enjoy what others possess. There is no myth we are not
capable of inventing to lull our conscience. We see the futility of
action on our part, because we are so unimportant. We see that it would
be dangerous in this particular case, because we have an influence
that, in other cases, might be exerted to useful purpose. We do not
think the time has come for action. We think that action here might
lead to other and quite unjustifiable demands. We would have associated
ourselves with the demand, but those who are making it, or the way in
which it is being made, unfortunately renders this impossible. Life is
so complex and tangled and full, that those who desire to abstain from
the battle for freedom can always find ample excuse. The workman may be
afraid for his job; Babbitt may shrink from being shunned by the group
whose fellowship is his life; it may be the handful of silver, the
riband for the coat, the love of power, the loathing of what freedom
may bring. Whatever the motive of abstention, let us remember that men
think differently who live differently, and that, as they think, so
they build principles of action to remedy what, in their lives, they
find bitter or unjust, to preserve what they find pleasant or right.
We cannot, of course, remedy all experience which makes for a sense
of bitterness or injustice. Things like the betrayal of friendship
are, only too often, beyond the power of organization to affect. But
the sense of bitterness or injustice that comes from bad housing, low
wages, or the denial of an adequate political status, these we are able
to remedy by social action. Or, rather, we are free to move to their
remedy, if we have an equal interest in doing so. If our interest is
unequal, our sense of a need to share with others in action will be
small. Other things will seem more significant or more urgent; and
the need itself will shrink as it obtrudes. The less we live in the
experience of our neighbours, the less shall we feel wrong in the
denial of their wants. Trade unionists appreciate a demand for higher
wages more keenly than employers: the wealthy rentier reads of a strike
in the cotton trade as a newspaper incident, of a railway dispute,
whatever its grounds, as a threat to the community. The sense of
solidarity comes only when the result of joint action impinges equally
on the common life.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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