We know that living beings not only possess a typical architecture
which they have themselves constructed, but that they defend it against
destructive agencies, and that if need arise they repair it. The
living organism cicatrizes its wounds, repairs losses of substance,
regenerates more or less perfectly the parts that have been removed;
in other terms, when it has been mutilated it tends to reconstruct
itself according to the laws of its own morphology. This phenomenon of
reconstitution or reintegration, these more or less successful efforts
to re-establish its form and its integrity, at first appear to be a
characteristic feature of living beings. This is not the case.
_Mutilation and Re-integration of Crystals._—Crystals—let us say
crystalline individuals—show a similar aptitude for repairing their
mutilations. Pasteur, in an early work, discussed these curious facts.
Other experimenters, Gernez a little later and Rauber more recently,
took up the same subject, but could do no more than extend and confirm
his observations. Crystals are formed from a primitive nucleus, as the
animal is formed from an egg; their integral particles are disposed
according to efficient geometrical laws, so as to produce the typical
form by a constructive process that may be compared to the embryogenic
process which builds up the body of an animal. Now this operation
may be disturbed by accidents in the surrounding medium or by the
deliberate intervention of the experimenter. The crystal is then
mutilated. Pasteur saw that these mutilations repaired themselves.
“When,” said he, “a crystal from which a piece has been broken off
is replaced in the mother liquor, we see that while it increases in
every direction by a deposit of crystalline particles, activity occurs
at the place where it was broken off or deformed; and in a few hours
this suffices not only to build up the regular amount required for the
increase of all parts of the crystal, but to re-establish regularity
of form in the mutilated part.” In other words, the work of formation
of the crystal is carried on much more actively at the point of lesion
than it would have been had there been no lesion. The same thing would
have occurred with a living being.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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