_The Life and Death of Mr Badman_ was published by John Bunyan in 1680, two years after the First Edition of the First Part of _The Pilgrim’s Progress_. In the opening sentence of his preface he tells us it was intended by him as the counterpart or companion picture to the Allegory. But whatever his own intentions may have been, the Public of his own time seem to have declined to accept the book in this capacity. Indeed, another writer, who signs himself T. S., undertook to complete Bunyan’s Allegory for him, in a book in size and type closely resembling it, and entitled _The Second Part of the Pilgrim’s Progress . . . exactly Described under the Similitude of a Dream_. It was printed for Jho. Malthus at the Sun in the Poultry, and published in 1683. So far as is known, only one copy of this book is now in existence, the copy which was formerly in the library of the poet Southey and now in that of the Baptist Union. Upon this Bunyan seems to have changed his purpose, so far as _The Life and Death of Mr Badman_ was concerned, and on the first of January, 1685, published the story of Christiana and her Children as his own Second Part of _The Pilgrim’s Progress_. The work before us, therefore, now stands apart by itself. In its composition Bunyan seems to have been greatly influenced, so far as form is concerned, by a book which his wife brought with her on her marriage, and which, as he tells us in his _Grace Abounding_, they read together. It was entitled _The Plaine Man’s Pathway to Heaven_: By Arthur Dent, Preacher of the Word of God at South Shoobury in Essex. The eleventh impression, the earliest now known, is dated 1609. Both books are in dialogue form, and in each case the dialogue is supposed to be carried on through one long day. Bunyan’s _Mr Wiseman_, like Dent’s _Theologus_, holds forth instructive discourse, while the _Mr Attentive_ of the former, like the _Philagathus_ of the latter, listens and draws on his teacher by friendly questionings. There is not in Bunyan’s conference, as there is in Dent’s, an _Asunetus_, who plays the part of an ignorant man to come out enlightened and convinced at last, or an _Antilegon_, who carps and cavils all the way; and there is not in Dent’s book what there is in Bunyan’s, a biographical narrative connecting the various parts of the dialogue; but the groundwork of each is the same—a searching manifestation and exposure of the nature and evils of various forms of immorality.