[6] Cf. e.g. C.I.L. I. 60, 366, 561. [7] The imperial copy is probably accurate except for a few words, _Class. Phil._ 1919, 74. [8] Ed. Vahlen. Professor Rand’s translation may be found in _Founders of the Middle Ages_ (Harvard University Press, 1928), 56. [9] _De Orat._ ii, 51, 59. [10] As for instance Norden, _op. cit._ I, 164 ff. [11] Leo, _Gesch. Röm. Lit._ 37 ff. [12] _In Thermum._ Tuum nefarium facinus pejore facinore operire postulas; succidias humanas facis, tantas trucidationes facis, decem capita libera interficis, decem hominibus vitam eripis, indicta causa, injudicatis, incondemnatis. The passage is packed with excellent examples of anaphora, balance, metaphor, homoeoteleuton and alliteration. Had this been written in 88 B.C. instead of in 188 we should take it as an excellent illustration of the result of Greek rhetorical study. It is, however, just native Latin speech afire with the most vehement Catonian wrath. [13] _Brutus_, 67 ff.; modified in 284-6. Cicero had noticed that Cato’s orations were full of imagery; _Brutus_, 69. [14] Suet. _Rhet._ I; _Athen._ XII, 547. [15] Fiske, _Univ. Wis. Studies_, III, 62 ff. [16] Cicero, _Brutus_, 82, credits Galba with a lofty style in speeches which somehow failed to survive in the written copies, which reveals as in several instances that Latin style was apt to be primarily pragmatic rather than scholastic (_ibid._, 137, 138). To Aemilius Lepidus Porcina (fl. about 140) he accords credit for smooth sentence structure (_ibid._, 131). [17] Cic. _Lael._ 96; _Pro Murena_, 58. [18] N. Häpke, _C. Semproni Gracchi Fragmenta_ (Munich, 1915). This editor finds a few instances of prose rhythms in Gracchus. I do not think that Gracchus was conscious of them, since they occur in about the same ratio as in Sallust or Caesar, who could hardly be accused of encouraging the rhythmic style. [19] Meyer, _Orat. Rom. Frag._, 234. [20] _Ibid._ 233. [21] _Ibid._ 232. [22] _Ibid._ 239. [23] Cicero in his _Brutus_ mentions fifteen speakers of the Catonian period, some twenty as being important between Cato and Tiberius Gracchus, about thirty who belonged distinctly to the period of the Gracchan reforms, and twenty more who gained distinction before the end of the second century; that is, some eighty-five whose contributions were worthy of mention before the fashion set in of studying rhetoric in Greece. [24] Cic., _Brutus_, 161. [25] Cic., _De Orat._ i. 146. [26] Cic., _De Orat._ ii. 4. The few orthodox clausulae found in his fragments occur in about the ratio that one might expect in any normal Latin prose. [27] Cic., _De Orat._ i. 198.