Life and literature in the Roman republicFrank, Tenney
History
Life and literature in the Roman republic
Frank, Tenney
Latin literature -- History and criticism; Rome -- Intellectual life
Thus far I have spoken of Livy’s work as affected by his aims and
methods. What is even more important for the reader who uses Livy is to
comprehend the varying quality of the available sources. For the long
period before 200 B.C. there was of course no writing of history at Rome.
Very meager records existed for most of the obscure period, 500-280, and
these had been exploited by Fabius, but they made no story that could
be told in a consecutive form. Hence their data were welded together
with the help of legend during the second century before Christ. Of the
story of the Samnite wars the mere skeleton is all we can accept as firm
history. And that was as true before Livy wrote as after. Neither he nor
anyone else could mend matters. For the Pyrrhic and First Punic War
the sources were good but the corresponding part of Livy is lost. For
books 21-30 the sources were full. Here two responsible participants,
Fabius and Cincius, told the story from the Roman viewpoint, while
three companions of Hannibal told the same story as they saw it from
the Punic camp.[12] Any tendency to exaggerate on either side could
at once be checked from the reports that came from the other, and the
excellent Greek historian Polybius came soon after and did a great deal
of checking. Here Livy had only to be diligent, fair, and honest to
be able to write reliably. The third decade of Livy is accordingly as
dependable history as we have of any ancient war. It is only in the brief
Spanish portion, for which there was no Punic account, and where Polybius
himself had written too enthusiastically of Scipio’s work, that we touch
quicksands.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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