Life and literature in the Roman republicFrank, Tenney
History
Life and literature in the Roman republic
Frank, Tenney
Latin literature -- History and criticism; Rome -- Intellectual life
Cicero was in Greece when Sulla died and therefore had no share in the
abortive revolution of Lepidus. On his return he took few political
cases, giving a large part of his time to practice in civil cases (Verr.
II, 181), through which he won enough distinction to secure election to
the questorship and aedileship.
In the first Verrine oration Cicero inveighed bitterly against the
past venality of the senatorial courts, instituted by Sulla, and the
selfishness of the oligarchy. This was of course in part due to his
plan to frighten the jurors into a severe judgment, for he went on to
remind them that a reform of the court had been proposed and indeed
was probably imminent. However, it is clear that Cicero was eager to
take the onerous case. He fought for the privilege, he spent months of
expensive and unpaid effort in the midst of the canvassing season upon
it, he went out of his way to reveal the sins of the senatorial misrule
of the provinces, and to speak with high respect of democratic heroes
like the Gracchi, and of democratic proposals like the return of the
tribunate. All these things prove that Cicero could not at this time have
been considered a supporter of the aristocracy. The equestrian order,
with which he was still closely identified despite his entrance into the
senate, had strongly supported Pompey and had united with the populace
in electing him on a moderate democratic program. There can be no doubt
that Cicero had voted wholeheartedly for Pompey and that he supported the
equestrian-democratic _bloc_ and program. If in the Sullan days he was an
independent liberal with aversions to both Cinna and Sulla, he was now
willing to work with the liberal group, even if a somewhat independent
adherent who was waiting to see whether the party made good before
committing himself definitely.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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