Life and literature in the Roman republicFrank, Tenney
History
Life and literature in the Roman republic
Frank, Tenney
Latin literature -- History and criticism; Rome -- Intellectual life
The _Heautontimoroumenos_, produced two years after the failure of the
_Hecyra_, puts less strain upon the audience, since half the secret—that
Clinea’s sweetheart has proved faithful and worthy of him—is disclosed
fairly early (line 243). From that point the spectators are permitted
without too much anxiety to enjoy the dramatic irony involved in the
delusions of the over-confident Chremes who bestows on his neighbor the
pity that is his own due. Soon after the middle of the play (675 ff.) the
spectators are admitted to the last important fact, namely, that Clinea’s
sweetheart is freeborn, while the impossible courtesan seems likely to
become Chremes’ daughter-in-law. Since, however, Chremes refuses to
accept the evidence of his own eyes, the self-delusion only increases the
irony, and the play continues from that point in the Menandrian style.
The play is indeed one of the best in point of construction, since by
abandoning the expository prologue[13] Terence was enabled to accumulate
mysteries which he gradually solved in such a way as to substitute
Menandrian satire for tension.
In the _Eunuchus_ Terence for once shifts to the Plautine manner, resting
his play chiefly on buffoons, imposture, and ludicrous situations. Indeed
he borrows caricatures from another play in order to cram in the fun.
There is no prologue, but none was needed. Thais stands self-revealed
from the first scene, while Pamphila’s station is more than hinted at
in the second scene. The tricking of a braggart captain did not involve
much anxiety, even though the preparation is slight. The play is full of
fun and easy to follow. Terence had for once yielded to popular demand
and he was materially rewarded. It was the only play of his that was
immediately put on a second time, and the aediles paid for it what was
then considered the very high sum of 8000 sesterces.
The _Phormio_, like the _Heauton_ and the _Adelphoe_, employs a good
mingling of suspense and preparation. There is no expository prologue.
That one existed in the original is probable from the occurrence of such
unconscious allusions to actuality as the story concocted in court that
the girl was a kinswoman (line 117). The fact that Chremes has a daughter
like the one in question is not made known to the audience till half
the play is over—a restraint which is surpassed only in the _Hecyra_.
However, from line 570 the solution is surmised and it finally is evident
at line 755. Henceforth the interest is provided by a series of quick
though unprepared-for surprises.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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