Life and literature in the Roman republicFrank, Tenney
History
Life and literature in the Roman republic
Frank, Tenney
Latin literature -- History and criticism; Rome -- Intellectual life
The Duilian inscription of 260 B.C.—doubtless authentic in the main
though found in an imperial copy[7]—is our only pre-Ennian fragment
of prose that contains several complete sentences. This inscription is
far more fulsome and boastful than the modest Scipionic epitaphs of two
generations later, a fact probably due to Duilius’ sojourn in Sicily
where he could see verbose honorary tablets at every hand. In spirit and
content it is Sicilian, but its phrasing and diction are normal Latin.
Its longest sentence is rambling, badly coordinated and illogically
constructed despite its periodic placement of the verbs. The man who
composed it had no feeling for lapidary style:
enque eodem mac [istratud bene]
[r]em navebos marid consol primos c[eset copiasque]
[c]lasesque navales primos ornavet pa[ravetque],
[c]umque eis navebos claseis Poenicas omn[is, item ma-]
[x]umas copias Cartaciniensis praesente[d Hanibaled]
[d]ictatored ol[or]om in altod marid pucn[andod vicet]
[v]ique nave[is cepe]t cum socieis septer[esmom unum quin—]
[queresm]osque triresmosque naveis X[XX, merset XIII] etc.
[—and in the same magistracy he was the first consul to fight
successfully upon the sea with ships, and he first equipped and
prepared a fleet, and by fighting on the high seas he with his
ships overcame the Punic fleet and the very great Carthaginian
forces commanded by their dictator Hannibal, and by force he
captured their ships with their marines, one septereme, and
thirty quinqueremes and triremes, and sank thirteen, etc.]
A man who composes thus is not only “hypnotized by the exuberance of his
own verbosity” but unpracticed in the art of logical expression.
Our first passage of continuous prose comes from Ennius’ _Euhemerus_,
quoted verbatim by Lactantius. A fair example is the following:[8]
Exim Saturnus uxorem duxit Opem. Titan qui maior natu erat
postulat ut ipse regnaret. ibi Vesta mater eorum et sorores
Ceres atque Ops suadent Saturno, uti de regno ne concedat
fratri. ibi Titan, qui facie deterior esset quam Saturnus,
idcirco et quod videbat matrem atque sorores suas operam dare
uti Saturnus regnaret, concessit ei ut is regnaret. itaque
pactus est cum Saturno, uti si quid liberum virile secus ei
natum esset, ne quid educaret. Id eius rei causa fecit, uti
ad suos gnatos regnum rediret. tum Saturno filius qui primus
natus est, eum necaverunt. deinde posterius nati sunt gemini,
Iuppiter atque Iuno. tum Iunonem Saturno in conspectum dedere
atque Iovem clam abscondunt dantque eum Vestae educandum
celantes Saturnum. item Neptunum clam Saturno Ops parit eumque
clanculum abscondit, etc.
For this passage I shall use Professor Rand’s translation though it
introduces a modicum of style into the expression:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account