Life and literature in the Roman republicFrank, Tenney
History
Life and literature in the Roman republic
Frank, Tenney
Latin literature -- History and criticism; Rome -- Intellectual life
“Then Saturn took Ops to wife. Titan, his elder brother, wished
to be king himself. Then their mother Vesta and their sisters
Ceres and Ops induced Saturn not to yield the throne to Titan.
Then Titan, who was not so handsome a man as Saturn, both on
that account and because he saw that his mother and sisters
were bent on having Saturn reign, allowed him so to do. He
therefore secured an agreement with Saturn, that if the latter
had any male offspring thereafter, he should not rear them.
This he did for the purpose that the kingdom might revert to
his own sons. Then a first son was born to Saturn, and they
killed him. Then later twins were born, Jupiter and Juno. Then
they openly showed Juno to Saturn, and hid Jove and gave him
to Vesta to bring up, concealing him from Saturn. Likewise Ops
bare Neptune unbeknownst to Saturn, and carefully hid him away.”
This Ennian passage is even more simple and devoid of stylistic qualities
than is the English of Wycliffe or Chaucer. The brief plodding sentences
are clear enough; in fact there is a dry legalistic explicitness in
phrases like _id ejus rei causa fecit uti_, and _deinde posterius_. But
the whole rattles to pieces like a mosaic set in clay. It is in the main
a string of coordinate clauses loosely hung on que, atque, ibi, tum, and
without any appreciation of the differences that we attempt to convey by
commas, semicolons and full stops. It has not even the normal feeling
for periodic structure which the epitaphs of the time reveal. It is
naïve, primitive prose, and the evidence that Ennius could drivel thus is
indeed illuminating to the student of literature. A nation which could be
satisfied with such a medium of expression had not been very verbose.
During the next few decades, however, there was much legislation, and
from the interesting Senatus Consultum de Bacchanalibus of 186 B.C.
we have considerable fragments which prove that the ambiguities found
in the Twelve Tables were being gradually removed and that there were
enough shysters at Rome to compel legislators to evolve the intricate
and all-inclusive “if-and-but style” which has ever since characterized
legal expression. To this source the great prose of Rome owed very little
except precision of diction. There was also not a little historical
writing, chiefly however in Greek, for the use of statesmen who needed
to know their precedents. But this type of prose, so far as we can judge
from the fragments preserved and from Cicero’s adverse judgments,[9] made
no appreciable advance upon the narrative manner of Ennius, illustrated
above. Nor did such commonplace textbooks as Cato’s _De Agri Cultura_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account