Life histories of North American shore birds, Part 1 (of 2)Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Science
Life histories of North American shore birds, Part 1 (of 2)
Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Birds -- Behavior; Shore birds -- North America
The knot is one of the commoner shore birds of northwest Greenland,
but even so, not numerous anywhere. It arrives in the land as early
as the end of May, for early in the spring of 1915 when my two
Eskimos, Esayoo and Etukashoo, and I were encamped at Fort Conger
on Discovery Harbor in latitude 81° 45´ N., we heard the keen call
of the knots flying over our camp the afternoon of May 30. The
first knots that come are generally in small flocks, but they soon
mate and scatter to their nesting places, only a few coming
together from time to time near the favorite feeding places. If the
weather of early June be inclement the flocks do not scatter so
soon, but remain together until the conditions become favorable for
mating and nesting. It is quite likely that some of the pairs are
already mated when they arrive, for the sex organs are fully
developed and ready to function upon their arrival.
In northeastern Greenland the time of arrival is about the same, for A.
L. Manniche (1910) writes:
The knots arrived at the Stormkap territory in couples at exactly
the same time as did the other waders; in two summers,
respectively, on June 2 and May 28. While the sanderlings, dunlins,
turnstones, and ringed plovers immediately took to the sparsely
occurring spots free from snow, the knots would prefer to go to the
still snow-covered hollows in the marshes and moors, where I saw
them running on the snow eagerly occupied in picking up the seed of
_Carex_-and _Luzula_-tufts the ends of which here and there
appeared over the snow. This sandpiper more than its relatives,
feeds on plants at certain seasons. In the first days I also
observed now and then a couple of knots on snowless spots on
elevated table-lands and even on the top of the high gravel banks
at Stormkap. These may, however, have settled there in order to
rest after the voyage and not to search food. As soon as ponds of
melting snow and fresh-water beaches free from ice were to be
found, the knots would resort to these, and here the birds wading
or swimming looked for animal diet. In this season the knot did not
appear on the salt-water shore like other waders. Gradually as more
extensive stretches of low-lying table-land became free from snow,
the knots occurred more frequently here in their real nesting
quarters; they would, however, still for a while often visit moors
and marshes with a rich vegetation of _Cyperaceae_.
_Courtship._--Doctor Ekblaw describes this as follows:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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