Life histories of North American wood warblers, Part 1 (of 2)Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Science
Life histories of North American wood warblers, Part 1 (of 2)
Bent, Arthur Cleveland
Birds -- North America; Passeriformes; Wood warblers
_Banding._--An Audubon's warbler that was banded at Santa Cruz, Calif.,
on February 17, 1931, was found dead November 5, 1931, at Glenwood,
Calif. Another, banded at Altadena, Calif., on December 1, 1935, was
retrapped at the same station on February 13, 1940, being then nearly 5
years old, at the least.
_Casual records._--A specimen of Audubon's warbler was collected at
Cambridge, Mass., on November 15, 1876. Another was collected at West
Chester, Pa., November 8, 1889. In Ohio one was closely watched at
Cleveland April 30 and May 3, 1931; and a second one at Richmond on
October 5, 1941. On April 28, 1928, one was closely watched at
Minneapolis, Minn.
_Egg dates._--California: 53 records, May 11 to July 30; 28 records,
June 13 to 25, indicating the height of the season.
Colorado: 10 records, June 18 to July 6; 5 records, June 19 to 29.
Washington: 11 records, April 19 to June 29; 5 records, May 14 to June
13.
DENDROICA AUDUBONI NIGRIFRONS (Brewster)
BLACK-FRONTED AUDUBON'S WARBLER
HABITS
The black-fronted Audubon's warbler was originally described by William
Brewster (1889) as a distinct species, based on a series of five
specimens collected by M. A. Frazar in the Sierra Madre Mountains of
Chihuahua, Mexico, in June and July, 1888. He gave as its characters:
"Male similar to _D. auduboni_ but with the forehead and sides of the
crown and head nearly uniform black, the interscapulars so closely
spotted that the black of their centres exceeds in extent the bluish
ashy on their edges and tips, the black of the breast patch wholly
unmixed with lighter color. Female with the general coloring, especially
on the head, darker than in female _auduboni_; the dark markings of the
breast and back coarser and more numerous; the entire pileum, including
the yellow crown patch, spotted finely but thickly with slaty black." He
admits that it is closely related to _D. auduboni_, "so closely in fact
that the two may prove to intergrade," but he found no indications of
such intergradation. Later, however, Leverett M. Loomis (1901) called
attention to the fact that several birds, collected in the Huachuca and
Chiricahua Mountains, in Arizona, showed signs of intergradation with
breeding birds from central California. These were taken by W. W. Price,
establishing this bird as an addition to our fauna, and resulting in
its reduction to subspecific rank. It is known to breed in the Huachuca
Mountains and in the high Sierras of northwestern Mexico, ranging south
to Guatemala. Swarth (1904) says of the status of the black-fronted
warbler in Arizona:
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