Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatusFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatus
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Eumeces fasciatus
Since _Eumeces laticeps_ was recognized by Taylor as a species distinct
from _fasciatus_, numerous authors have accumulated field observations
that demonstrate ecological divergence between the two. Conant (1951:33)
wrote that in Ohio _laticeps_ prefers a dry habitat of bare rocks,
cliffs, dry hillsides, and trees. He summed up the habitat difference as
follows: "_Fasciatus_ appears to be essentially terrestrial, to prefer a
moist environment and to be at home in ravines in southern Ohio.
_Laticeps_ on the other hand, is largely arboreal (particularly adults),
prefers dry cliffs, sunny hillsides and hilltops and lives in general
above the habitat of _fasciatus_." Netting (1939:127) likewise states
that in Pennsylvania _E. laticeps_ inhabits drier places than does
_fasciatus_, and is largely arboreal. Other authors with few exceptions
agree that _laticeps_ is largely arboreal, but most describe it as at
home in forest swamps and bottomlands. My own field experience with it
is limited. In the Pigeon Lake area of Miami County, Kansas, the
northwesternmost known locality of occurrence for _laticeps_, the
habitat relations described by Conant for Ohio were almost reversed.
_Eumeces laticeps_ was relatively scarce, and confined to the vicinity
of the swamp chiefly in areas that are flooded in time of high water.
All those seen were on or near massive snags of dead trees still
standing, but decayed and honeycombed with cavities. Slabs of bark
clinging loosely to the tree trunks, with spaces beneath, provided
shelter for the skinks and for the abundant arthropod fauna which
probably constituted their chief food source. This is one of the few
places in Kansas where a remnant of the original bottomland forest
remains. In central Louisiana, in 1947 and 1948, persons living on the
Kisatchie National Forest told me of large, red-headed skinks living in
hollow trees, which must have been _E. laticeps_. In the literature _E.
laticeps_ is frequently referred to as red-headed, although the reddish
suffusion on the head of the adult male is ephemeral in this species as
it is in _E. fasciatus_ and others. The heightened activity of the adult
males in the breeding season seems to have drawn attention to this
conspicuous temporary coloration while its absence at other seasons has
scarcely been mentioned.
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