Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatusFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatus
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Eumeces fasciatus
Goin and Goin (1951:29-33) have given an excellent brief account of
behavior and seasonal schedule in a small colony of _E. laticeps_ near
Gainesville, Florida, based on almost daily observations over a period
of years. In view of the greatly different climatic conditions, the
seasonal schedule is remarkably similar to that of _E. fasciatus_ in
Kansas, and it seems that the minimum threshold temperatures required
for activity are much higher in _laticeps_. Temperatures of 80° F. or
above for several consecutive days seemed to be a necessary stimulus for
emergence from hibernation; emergence was in the last week in March or
the first week in April in Florida. Hatching was found to take place in
late June or early July. Adults were last seen before retiring into
dormancy in the latter half of September and young of the year remained
active into October some two or three weeks later. The skinks observed
all lived in hollow water-oaks. When the population was at an especially
high level, in the late summer of 1949, each hollow oak was inhabited by
one young and one adult. Territoriality and mutual exclusiveness of
adults and even of young seems to be implied. The skinks were seen
eating spiders, ants, and cockroaches.
Neill (1950:115) mentions one sizable colony of _E. laticeps_ living in
a treeless urban area, in Georgia and depending for shelter on piles of
metal drums and other industrial equipment. Evidently, however, this was
an exceptional situation. In another paper, Neill (1948b:109) described
the specialized hibernation site requirements of _laticeps_ in Georgia;
the skink retires inside large, rotting pine stumps, especially those
that are leaning. He states (1948a:157) that in Georgia, _laticeps_ is
most common in the Coastal Plain and is much less numerous above the
Fall Line (the line between the Coastal Plain and the Piedmont). Deckert
(1918:31) wrote of "_Plestiodon fasciatus_" in the vicinity of
Jacksonville, Florida, where only _E. laticeps_ and _E. inexpectatus_
occur: "Inhabits hollow trees, always near water. Blue-tailed ones often
live around human habitations."
With regard to the ecological traits of _E. inexpectatus_ that
distinguish it from _fasciatus_, authors are much less definite, and
evidence is somewhat conflicting as the differences are relatively
minor. Engels (1949:269) noted the occurrence of _E. inexpectatus_ on
two low islands of submarine origin, off the North Carolina Coast,
Harkers Island and Shackelford Banks, and he surmised that the absence
from them of _E. fasciatus_ and _E. laticeps_ must have some ecological
significance, since all three species occur on the adjacent mainland.
Most of the island _inexpectatus_ were taken from beneath loose bark of
standing trees, while mainland _fasciatus_ was taken from beneath loose
bark of fallen trees.
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