Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatusFitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Science
Life History and Ecology of the Five-Lined Skink, Eumeces fasciatus
Fitch, Henry S. (Henry Sheldon)
Eumeces fasciatus
drawn upon over periods of days as it is needed, or may be utilized to
dampen the soil of the underground shelter and raise the humidity, as
incubating females seem to do.
GEOGRAPHIC RANGE AND THE DECIDUOUS FOREST HABITAT
EUMECES FASCIATUS corresponds in its distribution with the original
hardwood forests of eastern North America, as mapped by Braun
(1950:cover folder) and the "Oak-Wild Turkey Biome" of Shelford
(1945:240). Few species of vertebrate animals have ranges that coincide
more closely with this extensive area (exclusive of the northern edge,
that part characterized by Braun as the Hemlock-White Pine-Northern
Hardwoods). This latter is a mixed forest which actually is transitional
between the more typical deciduous forest farther south and the Taiga
Biome (or Formation) to the north, which is dominated entirely by
conifers. At the northern edge of its range _Eumeces fasciatus_ is much
less generally distributed than it is farther south. Although it is well
established and even may be locally numerous in South Dakota, Minnesota,
Wisconsin, northern Michigan, Ontario, northern New York, and
Connecticut, the locality records from these states are few, and
seemingly represent isolated and widely separated colonies that are able
to persist because of favorable combinations of environmental factors
not of general occurrence in the surrounding regions. Figure 6 shows the
extent of the hardwood forests as mapped by Braun (excluding the
transitional Hemlock-White Pine-Northern Hardwoods Association) with
specific locality records of _E. fasciatus_ included in all outlying
portions of the range. The locality records are those published by
Taylor (1936:206-212) supplemented by other marginal records, more
recently published, by Hamilton (1947:64) for New York, Breckenridge
(1944:97) for Minnesota, Hudson (1942:42) for Nebraska, Smith (1950:185)
for Kansas, Brown (1950:116) for Texas, Neill (1948:156) for Georgia,
and Neill and Allen (1950:156) for Florida. Along the northern edge of
its range, the skink invades the Hemlock-White Pine-Northern Hardwoods
Association, in Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Ontario,
Michigan, and Wisconsin, but does not penetrate far into it anywhere.
Correspondence of its northern limits with those of the Oak-Chestnut,
Maple-Basswood, Beech-Maple and Oak-Hickory associations is remarkably
close, considering the fact that the boundaries of these climax
associations are not sharply defined; rather they merge by gradual
stages into the northern coniferous forests, with outlying peninsulas
and islands where conditions are favorable.
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