Life History of the Kangaroo RatVorhies, Charles Taylor
Science
Life History of the Kangaroo Rat
Vorhies, Charles Taylor
Kangaroo rats
At times, more especially in the seasons of active growth, some of the
green and succulent portions of plants are eaten. This was very
noticeable in the spring of 1919, when a most luxuriant growth of
Mexican poppy (_Eschscholtzia mexicana_) occurred. Stomachs at this time
were filled with the yellow and green mixture undoubtedly produced by
the grinding up of the buds and flowers of this plant. Small caches of
about a tablespoonful of these buds were also found in the burrows at
this time. Occasionally in spring one may find a few green leaves of
various plants, _Gaertneria_ very commonly, tucked away in small pockets
along the underground tunnels, indicating that such materials are used
to some extent. As has been shown in detail, however (Table 1), the
chief storage, and undoubtedly the chief food, consists of air-dry
seeds.
The character of the storage, the absence of rain for months at a time
in some years, and the consequent failure of green succulents show that
without doubt _spectabilis_ possesses remarkable power, as to its water
requirements, of existing largely if not wholly upon the water derived
from air-dry starchy foods, i.e., metabolic water serves it in lieu of
drink (Nelson, 1918, 400), this being formed in considerable quantities
by oxidation of carbohydrates and fats (Babcock, 1912, 159, 170). During
the long dry periods characteristic of southern Arizona, no evidence
that the animal seeks a supply of succulent food, as cactus, is found;
and if it may go for two, three, or six months without water or
succulent food, it is reasonable to suppose that it may do so
indefinitely. In the laboratory _spectabilis_ ordinarily does not drink,
but rather shows a dislike for getting its nose wet. During the periods
of drought the attacks upon the cactuses by other rodents of the same
region, as _Lepus_, _Sylvilagus_, _Neotoma_, and _Ammospermophilus_,
become increasingly evident. The list of plant species thus far found
represented in the storage materials of _spectabilis_ on the Range
Reserve is shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3.--_List of all plant species found in 22 dens of _Dipodomys
spectabilis_ on the United States Range Reserve, near the Santa Rita
Mountains, Ariz., with approximate total weights._
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