Life Movements in Plants, Volume IBose, Jagadis Chandra
Science
Life Movements in Plants, Volume I
Bose, Jagadis Chandra
Growth (Plants); Plants -- Irritability and movements
After my investigations on the normal retarding effect of light on
growth, I was considerably surprised to find the responses occasionally
becoming _positive_, an acceleration instead of retardation of growth.
I shall first give accounts of such positive responses and then explain
the cause of the abnormality.
_Abnormal acceleration under stimulus of light: Experiment 87._--A
rather weak specimen of _Kysoor_ was exposed to the action of light of
5 minutes’ duration. This induced an abnormal acceleration in the rate
of growth from 0.30 µ to 0.40 µ per second. But continuous exposure to
light for half an hour brought about the normal effect of retardation.
In trying to account for this abnormality in response I found that
while specimens of _Kysoor_ in a vigorous state of growth of about
0.8 µ per second exhibit normal retardation of growth under light, the
particular specimen which exhibited the abnormal positive response had
a much feebler rate of growth of 0.30 µ per second. As activity of
growth in a plant is an index of its healthy tone, a feeble rate of
growth must be indicative of tonicity below par. The fact that plants
in sub-tonic condition exhibit abnormal acceleration of growth under
stimulus will be seen further demonstrated in the next experiment.
In the parallel phenomenon of the response of pulvinated organs we
found that under condition of sub-tonicity, the response becomes
positive and that this abnormal positive is converted into normal
negative in consequence of repeated stimulation. In growth, response
likewise the abnormal acceleration of growth under light in the
sub-tonic specimen of _Kysoor_ was converted into normal retardation
after continuous stimulation for half an hour. From the facts given
above, we are justified in drawing the following conclusions:
(1) That while light induces a _retardation_ of growth in a tissue
whose tonic condition is normal or above par, it brings about an
_acceleration_ in a tissue whose condition is below par.
(2) That by the action of the stimulus of light itself a sub-tonic
tissue is raised to a condition at par, with the concomitant
restoration of normal mode of response by retardation of growth.
Another important question arises in this connection: Is the
restoration of normal response due to light as a form of stimulus, or
to its photo-synthetic action? An answer to this is to be found from
the results of an inquiry, whether a very different form of stimulus
which exerts no photo-synthetic action, such as tetanising electric
shocks, also induces a similar acceleration of growth in a sub-tonic
tissue.
The normal retarding effect of electric stimulus on specimens in active
state of growth was demonstrated in record given in Fig. 72, where the
normal rate was found greatly reduced after stimulation.
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