Life Movements in Plants, Volume IIBose, Jagadis Chandra
Science
Life Movements in Plants, Volume II
Bose, Jagadis Chandra
Growth (Plants); Plants -- Irritability and movements
The intensity of the electro-motive variation is found to depend on the
physiological vigour of the specimen. The _Tropæolum_ plant, used for
most of the above experiments, are at the best condition of growth in
Calcutta in February; after this the plants begin to decline in March
and die off by the end of April.
_Experiment 174._--In February the intensity of electric response was
nearly double of that in March; it was only in March that I made
quantitative determination of the induced electro-motive force between
the upper and lower contacts on rotation of the specimen from zero to
90°. The E. M. F. was determined by the potentiometer method. I give
below the following typical values obtained with two different
specimens:--
Specimen Induced E. M. F.
(1) 12 millivolts.
(2) 15 "
In the most favourable season the induced electro-motive force is likely
to exceed the above value very considerably.
_Effect of Age._--While a young petiole gave the above value, an old
specimen from the same plant exhibited no response. The plants were in a
dying condition in April and all indications of electrical reaction were
found abolished. The physiological character of the response was also
demonstrated by first obtaining the normal electric response in a
vigorous specimen; after death, by immersion in boiling water, the
plant gave no electric response to geotropic stimulus.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENTIAL EXCITABILITY OF THE ORGAN.
I have hitherto described the geo-electric effect of radial and
isotropic organs. The induced E. M. F. at 90° was found practically the
same whether A was above and B below, and _vice versâ_. In the
mechanical response of the pulvinus of _Mimosa_, the geotropic
excitability was, however, found to be greater in the lower half than in
the upper (p. 440). I wished to investigate the question of differential
geotropic excitability anew, by means of electric response.
_Experiment 175._--Electric connections with the galvanometer were made
with the upper and lower halves of the pulvinus, the organ being placed
in the vertical or neutral position. The angle of inclination was then
increased to 90° in the positive and negative directions alternately.
TABLE XXXIV.--DIFFERENCE OF GEO-ELECTRIC RESPONSE OF UPPER AND LOWER
HALVES OF THE PULVINUS OF _Mimosa_.
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| Specimen. | Position of particular | Induced E. M. F. |
| | half of pulvinus. | |
+-----------+--------------------------+------------------+
| (1) | { Upper half above | 23 millivolts. |
| | { Lower half above | 30 " |
| | | |
| (2) | { Upper half above | 16 " |
| | { Lower half above | 29 " |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
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