Goethe takes the oath as an advocate and citizen of Frankfort; holds a Shakespeare festival; reads the autobiography of Goetz von Berlichingen; writes the drama, “Geschichte Gottfriedens von Berlichingen”; his friendship with Merck; writes criticism for the “Frankfurter Gelehrten Anzeigen”; the “Wanderers Sturmlied” and the “Wanderer”; in May, 1772, goes to practise at the imperial chamber at Wetzlar; his love for Charlotte Buff; saves himself by flight from Wetzlar; visits Frau von Laroche; returns to Frankfort in September, 1772; recasts his drama about Goetz von Berlichingen; defects and great qualities of “Goetz”; “Goetz” published in summer of 1773; enthusiastically received; Goethe’s depression, and its causes; Maximiliane Brentano; origin of “Die Leiden des jungen Werthers”; the story of “Werther”; its relation to the dominant mood of the age, and to Goethe’s own experience; character of Lotte and Albert; style of “Werther”; descriptions of nature; profound impression produced by the book; its effect on the mind of Lotte’s husband; Nicolai’s parody of “Werther,” and Goethe’s response; “Clavigo”; “Stella”; “Erwin und Elmire,” and “Claudine von Villa Bella”; “Götter, Helden, and Wieland”; poetic fragments 47 CHAPTER IV. Goethe begins to write “Faust”; the work in its earliest form; the character of Faust; the story of Gretchen; Mephistopheles; Goethe expresses in the original “Faust” his own mood and one of the moods of his age; his study of Spinoza’s “Ethics”; Lavater; Basedow; Johanna Fahlmer; his friendship with Frederick Jacobi; the Counts Stolberg; Goethe’s engagement with Lili Schönemann; the engagement broken off; poems occasioned by his love for Lili; meets the Hereditary Prince of Weimar; the Prince becomes Duke; Goethe invited to Weimar; arrives there on November 7, 1775; a new home 72 CHAPTER V. Weimar; Goethe’s relations to the Duke, the Duchess, and the Duchess Dowager; Wieland; Herder settles at Weimar; the Duke proposes that Goethe shall enter the public service; opposition of Goethe’s father; Goethe becomes a member of the Privy Council; his friendship with Frau von Stein; Corona Schröter; his self-discipline; his public duties; the earnestness with which he discharges them; change of manner as well as of character; visits Switzerland, and sees Frederika Brion and Lili on the way; death of his father in 1782; is made “Geheimerath” and President of the Chamber of Finance; ennobled; visits the Harz Mountains; devotes himself to the study of science; discovers the intermaxillary bone in the human jaw; his doctrine of types in organic nature; “Iphigenie” in prose; change in the methods of his art as a dramatist; “Wilhelm Meister” begun; “Torquato Tasso”; minor plays and poems; the literary movement in Germany; longing for Italy; starts for Italy in September, 1786; edition of his collected writings 86 CHAPTER VI.