CHAP. XI.--Election of Representatives for the National Convention--Jacobins are very active--Right hand Party--Left hand side--Neutral Members--The Girondists are in possession of the ostensible Power--They denounce the Jacobin Chiefs, but in an irregular and feeble manner--Marat, Robespierre, and Danton, supported by the Commune and Populace of Paris--France declared a Republic--Duke of Brunswick's Campaign--Neglects the French Emigrants--Is tardy in his Operations--Occupies the poorest part of Champagne--His Army becomes sickly--Prospects of a Battle--Dumouriez's Army recruited with Carmagnoles--The Duke resolves to Retreat--Thoughts on the consequences of that measure--The retreat disastrous--The Emigrants disbanded in a great measure--Reflections on their Fate--The Prince of Condé's Army, 199 CHAP. XII.--Jacobins determine upon the Execution of Louis--Progress and Reasons of the King's Unpopularity--Girondists taken by surprise, by a proposal for the Abolition of Royalty made by the Jacobins--Proposal carried--Thoughts on the New System of Government--Compared with that of Rome, Greece, America, and other Republican States--Enthusiasm throughout France at the Change--Follies it gave birth to--And Crimes--Monuments of Art destroyed--Madame Roland interposes to save the Life of the King--Barrère--Girondists move for a Departmental Legion--Carried--Revoked--and Girondists defeated--The Authority of the Community of Paris paramount even over the Convention--Documents of the Iron-Chest--Parallel betwixt Charles I. and Louis XVI.--Motion by Pétion, that the King should be Tried before the Convention, 208 CHAP. XIII.--THE TRIAL OF LOUIS--Indecision of the Girondists, and its Effects--The Royal Family insulted by the Agents of the Community--The King deprived of his Son's society--The King brought to Trial before the Convention--His First Examination--Carried back to Prison amidst Insult and Abuse--Tumult in the Assembly--The King deprived of Intercourse with his Family--Malesherbes appointed as Counsel to defend the King--and De Seze--Louis again brought before the Convention--Opening Speech of De Seze--King remanded to the Temple--Stormy Debate--Eloquent attack of Vergniaud on the Jacobins--Sentence of DEATH pronounced against the King--General Sympathy for his Fate--Dumouriez arrives in Paris--Vainly tries to avert the King's Fate--LOUIS XVI. BEHEADED on 21st January, 1793--MARIE ANTOINETTE on the 16th October thereafter--The Princess ELIZABETH in May 1794--The Dauphin perishes, by cruelty, June 8th, 1795--The Princess Royal exchanged for La Fayette, 19th December, 1795, 236