CHAP. LXXIII.--Declaration of the Allies on entering France--Switzerland--Schwartzenberg crosses the Rhine--Apathy of the French--Junction of Blucher with the Grand Army--Crown-Prince of Sweden--Inferiority of Napoleon's numerical Force--Battles of Brienne--and La Rothière--Difficulties of Buonaparte, during which he meditates to resign the Crown--He makes a successful Attack on the Silesian Army at Champ-Aubert--Blucher is compelled to retreat--The Grand Army carries Nogent and Montereau--Buonaparte's violence to his Generals--The Austrians resolve on a general Retreat, as far as Nancy and Langres--Prince Wenceslaus sent to Buonaparte's headquarters--The French enter Troyes--Execution of Goualt, a Royalist--A Decree of Death against all wearing the Bourbon emblems, and all Emigrants who should join the Allies, 333 CHAP. LXXIV.--Retrospect of Events on the Frontiers--Defection of Murat--Its consequences--Augereau abandons Franche Comté--Carnot intrusted with the command of Antwerp--Attack on Bergen-op-Zoom, by Sir Thomas Graham--The Allies take, and evacuate Soissons--Bulow and Winzegerode unite with Blucher--Wellington forces his way through the Pays des Gaves--Royalists in the West--Discontent of the old Republicans--Views of the different Members of the Alliance as to the Dynasties of Bourbon, and Napoleon--Proceedings of the Dukes of Berri and Angoulême, and Monsieur--Battle of Orthez--Bourdeaux surrendered to Marshal Beresford--Negotiations of Chatillon--Treaty of Chaumont--Napoleon's contre-projet--Congress at Chatillon broken up, 353 APPENDIX-- No. I.--Reflections on the Conduct of Napoleon towards the Prince-Royal of Sweden, 373 No. II.--Extract from Manuscript Observations on Napoleon's Russian Campaign, by an English Officer of Rank, 378 [Illustration: FRANCE, TO ILLUSTRATE THE CAMPAIGNS OF NAPOLEON BONAPARTE.] CHAPTER XLIX. _Conduct of Russia and England during the War with Austria--Meditated Expedition of British Troops to the Continent--Sent to Walcheren--Its Calamitous Details and Result--Proceedings of Napoleon with regard to the Pope--General Miollis enters Rome--Napoleon publishes a Decree, uniting the States of the Church to the French Empire--Is Excommunicated--Pius VII. is banished from Rome, and sent to Grenoble--afterwards brought back to Savona--Buonaparte is attacked by an Assassin--Definitive Treaty of Peace signed at Schoenbrun--Napoleon returns to France on the 14th November, 1809._