Feudalism, 146 ff. nature of, 147. absence of true gradations in, 148. duties of fief holders, 149. military service usually essential, 150. arrogance of many barons, 151, 152. outrageous baronial tyrants, 152. better types of barons, 153. how fiefs are expanded, 154. accession to a barony, 154, 155. doing homage, 156. oath of fealty, 157. vassalage honorable, 158. Feuds, baronial, 224 ff. frequency of, 225. waged within families, 225. limitations upon baronial, 226. pitched battles infrequent, 226. absence of strategy, 227. great valor of warriors, 228. origins of a typical feud, 229. delivering the "cartel," 229. assembling the vassals, 230. a baronial "array," 231. ravaging of noncombatants, 232. a petty battle, 233. use of mercenaries, 234. siege of a castle, 235 ff. Fiefs, varieties of, 147. duties of fief holders, 149. Fish, demand for, 117. use of, 129. Flowers, garden, 68, 69. Foods, see Cookery. Foresters, seigneurial, 259. France, in full mediæval bloom in XIII century, 2. French, rise of as literary language, 141. Frescoes, in castle, 35. Friendship, tokens of, 106. Fruit trees, 68, 69. Funeral customs, 284 ff. caskets and interments, 285. Furniture, of castle halls, 36, 37. of bedrooms, 38 ff. Furs, wearing of, 92. G Gambling, with dice, 53, 54. Game, wild, cannot be killed by peasants, 67. greatly desired at feasts, 114. varieties of game birds, 116. Game Laws, oppressive, 272. Games and amusements, 51 ff. Garden of a castle, 67 ff. frequent place for gatherings, 68. herbs and vegetables in, 68. constant demand for flowers, 69. Generosity, virtues of nobles, 186. Gifts, constantly exchanged among nobles, 187. Girls, noble, education of young, 83 ff. are devoted to hawks and dancing, 84. Glass, used for windows in castle, 35. Guilds, 360 ff. great subdivisions of, 360. friction between, 360, 361. regulations of, 361. management of, by syndics, 362. apprentices, 362. hired workers, 363. masters in guilds, 363. H Handwashing before meals, 125. Hangmen, 166 ff. burns dishonest cloth, 349. Hair, customs of wearing, 95. false hair used by women, 97. Halls of castle, 30 ff. very murky in donjon, 32. more elegant in palais, 35. Hauberks, 191. Hawking, vast delight in, 57. hawks always exhibited, 58. varieties of hawks and falcons, 59. complicated art of "Falconry," 59. training of hawks, 60. good falconers precious, 60. professional jargon of, 61. prayers over hawks, 61. excellent sport with, 62. Heralds, at tourneys, 212 ff. Hermits, 296. "Herodias's daughter," dance of, 136, 137. Homage, ceremony of, 156. Hospitality, baronial, 43 ff. ceremony of receiving guests, 44.