Clothing, male and female, 88 ff. materials used, 89. garments of noblemen, 90. headdress for men, 91. garments of noblewomen, 91. use of silks and furs, 92. rapid changes in fashions, 93. dress of lower classes, 94. headdress of women, 95. conspicuous costumes to indicate evil characters, 98. Cookery and foods, 113 ff. implements in cookhouse, 114. meat frequently boiled, 114. game especially desired, 114, 115. butcher's meat, 115. poultry, 116. fish, 117. soups, 117. meat pies, 117. Cookhouse, in a castle, 28. Cosmetics, use of by women, 97. Cross bows, 190. Crusades, on wane in XIII century, 3. improve military architecture, 18. D Dais, in castle hall, 36. Damoiseau, 185. Dances, varieties of, 133. Dancing, passion for, 84, 85. Dean, of canons, 386. Devil, belief in, 302. assists wizards and witches, 303. Dice, games with, 52. sinfulness of, 53, 54. Dinners, menu at castle in ordinary days, 49. Divining, 306. Divorces, resisted by Church, 102. Dogs, very desirable for hunting, 64. Donjon, of castle, 30 ff. of a commune, 351. Dinner customs, 122 ff. See Feast. Drawbridges, of castle, 22, 28. Dress, see Clothing. E Echevins, in commune, 355. Economic self-sufficiency, of a well-ruled barony, 46. Education, of young nobleman, 176 ff. ideals inculcated, 178. training in letters, 179. reading of romances, 180. training in riding, fencing and hawking, 181. maxims inculcated, 181, 182. placed out as squire, 182. training as squire, 182-184. taught jousting, 183. learns "courtesy," 184. good side of training, 186. premium on prodigality, 186, 187. demanding knighthood, 187. Effeminate knights, 188. Emancipation, of villeins, 256. Ensigns, before city houses, 350. Epics, North French, 142, 143. Excommunication, of a lawless baron, 9. a public declaration of, 289. abuse of, by bishops, 383, 384. Executions, varieties of, 170 ff, 173. beheading honorable penalty, 173. hanging, usual method, 173,174. ceremonies at gallows, 174, 175. F Fairs, 365 ff. attended by great multitudes, 366. very profitable to founders, 368. numerous commodities on sale, 369. regulation of traffic, 370. amusements at, 371. Falconry, see Hawking. Family life in a castle, 70. Famines, among peasantry, 255. Fealty, oath of, 157. Feast, formal, arrangement of guests, 126. beginning of dinner, 126. serving the meats, 127. typical bill of fare, 128. on a fast day, 129. closing ceremonies, 130. vast plenty and carousing, 130, 131. Feudal civilization, reaches climax in XIII century, 2.