Medical Art, 280 ff. conducted by executioners and barkers, 280, 281. use of bleedings, 281. professional physicians, 281 ff. their jargon, 282. healing relics and processions, 283. Mêlée, climax to tourneys, 221. Mercenaries, use of, 234. Merchants, see Shops, Fairs, etc. Mining, in sieges, 239. Minstrels, see Jongleurs. Miracles, belief in, 300. Moats of castle, 22, 28. Mobilization, for battle, 242, 243. Monastery, 312 ff. Benedictine foundations, 314. land and buildings, 314, 315. abbey church, 316. cloisters, 317. dormitory, 318. refectory, 319. adornments of buildings, 320. costume of monks, 320, 321. discipline and organization, 321. duties and occupations of monks, 322, 323. persons becoming monks, 324. a disorderly monastery, 326. specimen abuses, 327. struggle against idleness in, 330. bequests to, 331. secular "advocates" of, 332. agriculture and industries in, 333. almsgiving by, 333. manual labor by monks, 334. copying of books, 335. study of pagan authors, 335. curriculum of study, 336. authority of Aristotle, 336. scientific works, 337. study of botany and geology, 338. writing chronicles, 339. piety of book copying, 340. beautiful manuscripts, 341. Monasticism, see Monastery and Monks. Money, hardly necessary on an average barony, 46. varieties of coinage, 366. Monks, many sick or infirm, 319 nt. costume of, 320. discipline of, 321 ff. persons becoming monks, 324. See Monastery. Montebanks, 135. _Montjoie St. Denis_, 248 nt. Morality, of castle life, 77-78. Music, delight in, 132. Mystery plays, 294, 295. N Needlework, by castle women, 80. Night, closing castle for, 49. Nightdresses, not used in feudal ages, 42. Nobles, employed around a castle, 48. O Omens, belief in, 300, 301. Ordeal, by battle, 162. by fire, 170, 171. Oriflamme, royal standard, 245. Otto IV, see Battle, Bouvines. P Palisade, before a castle, 20. Passions, hot and childish in feudal ages, 47, 48. Patrons, of parish churches, 388, 389.