Of course, however, this criticism requires limitation. There is an
obvious sense in which Shelley is a fanciful, as contra-distinguished
from an imaginative poet. These words, being invented for the popular
expression of differences which can be remarked without narrow
inspection, are apt to mislead us when we apply them to the exact results
of a near and critical analysis. Besides the use of the word ‘fancy’ to
denote the power which adorns and amplifies the product of the primitive
imagination, we also employ it to denote the weaker exercise of the
faculty which itself creates those elementary products. We use the word
‘imaginative’ only for strong, vast, imposing, interesting conceptions:
we use the word ‘fanciful’ when we have to speak of smaller and weaker
creations, which amaze us less at the moment and affect us more slightly
afterwards. Of course, metaphysically speaking, it is not likely that
there will be found to be any distinction; the faculty which creates the
most attractive ideas is doubtless the same as that which creates the
less attractive. Common language marks the distinction, because common
people are impressed by the contrast between what affects them much and
what affects them little; but it is no evidence of the entire difference
of the latent agencies. Speech, as usual, refers to sensations, and not
to occult causes. Of fancies of this sort Shelley is full: whole poems—as
the ‘Witch of Atlas’—are composed of nothing else. Living a good deal in,
and writing a great deal about, the abstract world, it was inevitable
that he should often deal in fine subtleties, affecting very little the
concrete hearts of real men. Many pages of his are, in consequence,
nearly unintelligible, even to good critics of common poetry. The air
is too rarefied for hardy and healthy lungs: these like, as Lord Bacon
expressed it, ‘to work upon stuff.’ From his habitual choice of slight
and airy subjects, Shelley may be called a fanciful, as opposed to an
imaginative, poet; from his bare delineations of great objects, his keen
expression of distinct impulses, he should be termed an imaginative,
rather than a fanciful one.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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