As a poet, Cowper belongs, though with some differences, to the school
of Pope. Great question, as is well known, has been raised whether that
very accomplished writer was a poet at all; and a secondary and equally
debated question runs side by side, whether, if a poet, he were a great
one. With the peculiar genius and personal rank of Pope we have in this
article nothing to do. But this much may be safely said, that according
to the definition which has been ventured of the poetical art, by the
greatest and most accomplished master of the other school, his works are
delicately-finished specimens of artistic excellence in one branch of it.
‘Poetry,’ says Shelley, who was surely a good judge, ‘is the expression
of the imagination,’ by which he meant of course not only the expression
of the interior sensations accompanying the faculty’s employment, but
likewise, and more emphatically, the exercise of it in the delineation
of objects which attract it. Now society, viewed as a whole, is clearly
one of those objects. There is a vast assemblage of human beings, of
all nations, tongues, and languages, each with ideas, and a personality
and a cleaving mark of its own, yet each having somewhat that resembles
something of all, much that resembles a part of many—a motley regiment,
of various forms, of a million impulses, passions, thoughts, fancies,
motives, actions; a ‘many-headed monstered thing;’ a Bashi Bazouk array;
a clown to be laughed at; a hydra to be spoken evil of; yet, in fine,
our all—the very people of the whole earth. There is nothing in nature
more attractive to the fancy than this great spectacle and congregation.
Since Herodotus went to and fro to the best of his ability over all the
earth, the spectacle of civilisation has ever drawn to itself the quick
eyes and quick tongues of seeing and roving men. Not only, says Goethe,
is man ever interesting to man, but ‘properly there is nothing else
interesting.’ There is a distinct subject for poetry—at least according
to Shelley’s definition—in selecting and working out, in idealising,
in combining, in purifying, in intensifying the great features and
peculiarities which make society, as a whole, interesting, remarkable,
fancy-taking. No doubt it is not the object of poetry to versify the
works of the eminent narrators, ‘to prose,’ according to a disrespectful
description, ‘o’er books of travelled seamen,’ to chill you with didactic
icebergs, to heat you with torrid sonnets. The difficulty of reading such
local narratives is now great—so great that a gentleman in the reviewing
department once wished ‘one man would go everywhere and say everything,’
in order that the limit of his labour at least might be settled and
defined. And it would certainly be much worse if palm trees were of
course to be in rhyme, and the dinner of the migrator only recountable in
blank verse. We do not wish this. We only maintain that there are certain
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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