In this transition from ancient writing to modern, the review-like essay
and the essay-like review fill a large space. Their small bulk, their
slight pretension to systematic completeness, their avowal, it might be
said, of necessary incompleteness, the facility of changing the subject,
of selecting points to attack, of exposing only the best corner for
defence, are great temptations. Still greater is the advantage of ‘our
limits.’ A real reviewer always spends his first and best pages on the
parts of a subject on which he wishes to write, the easy comfortable
parts which he knows. The formidable difficulties which he acknowledges,
you foresee by a strange fatality that he will only reach two pages
before the end; to his great grief there is no opportunity for discussing
them. As a young gentleman, at the India House examination, wrote ‘Time
up’ on nine unfinished papers in succession, so you may occasionally read
a whole review, in every article of which the principal difficulty of
each successive question is about to be reached at the conclusion. Nor
can any one deny that this is the suitable skill, the judicious custom of
the craft.
Some may be inclined to mourn over the old days of systematic arguments
and regular discussion. A ‘field-day’ controversy is a fine thing.
These skirmishes have much danger and no glory. Yet there is one immense
advantage. The appeal now is to the mass of sensible persons. Professed
students are not generally suspected of common sense; and though they
often show acuteness in their peculiar pursuits, they have not the
various experience, the changing imagination, the feeling nature, the
realised detail which are necessary _data_ for a thousand questions.
Whatever we may think on this point, however, the transition has been
made. The Edinburgh Review was, at its beginning, a material step in
the change. Unquestionably, the _Spectator_ and _Tatler_, and such-like
writings, had opened a similar vein, but their size was too small.
They could only deal with small fragments, or the extreme essence of a
subject. They could not give a view of what was complicated, or analyse
what was involved. The modern man must be told what to think—shortly, no
doubt—but he _must_ be told it. The essay-like criticism of modern times
is about the length which he likes. The Edinburgh Review, which began the
system, may be said to be, in this country, the commencement on large
topics of suitable views for sensible persons.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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