The very language of Gibbon shows these qualities. Its majestic march
has been the admiration—its rather pompous cadence the sport of all
perusers. It has the greatest merit of an historical style: it is always
going on; you feel no doubt of its continuing in motion. Many narrators
of the reflective class, Sir Archibald Alison for example, fail in
this: your constant feeling is, ‘Ah! he has pulled up; he is going to
be profound; he never will go on again.’ Gibbon’s reflections connect
the events; they are not sermons between them. But, notwithstanding, the
manner of the Decline and Fall is the last which should be recommended
for strict imitation. It is not a style in which you can tell the truth.
A monotonous writer is suited only to monotonous matter. Truth is of
various kinds—grave, solemn, dignified, petty, low, ordinary; and an
historian who has to tell the truth must be able to tell what is vulgar
as well as what is great, what is little as well as what is amazing.
Gibbon is at fault here. He _cannot_ mention Asia _Minor_. The petty
order of sublunary matters; the common gross existence of ordinary
people; the necessary littlenesses of necessary life, are little suited
to his sublime narrative. Men on the _Times_ feel this acutely; it is
most difficult at first to say many things in the huge imperial manner.
And after all you cannot tell everything. ‘How, sir,’ asked a reviewer
of Sydney Smith’s life, ‘do you say a “good fellow” in print?’ ‘Mr. ——,’
replied the editor, ‘you should not say it at all.’ Gibbon was aware of
this rule; he omits what does not suit him; and the consequence is, that
though he has selected the most various of historical topics, he scarcely
gives you an idea of variety. The ages change, but the varnish of the
narration is the same.
It is not unconnected with this fault that Gibbon gives us but an
indifferent description of individual character. People seem a good deal
alike. The cautious scepticism of his cold intellect, which disinclined
him to every extreme, depreciates great virtues and extenuates great
vices; and we are left with a tame neutral character, capable of nothing
extraordinary,—hateful, as the saying is, ‘both to God and to the enemies
of God.’
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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