Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engineSmiles, Samuel
History
Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engine
But when the men got well trained, the difficulty was to keep them.
Foreign tempters were constantly trying to pick up Boulton and Watt’s men,
and induce them by offers of larger wages to take service abroad. The two
fitters sent up to London to erect the Bow engine were strongly pressed
to go out to Russia.[155] There were also French agents in England at the
same time, who tried to induce certain of Boulton and Watt’s men to go
over to Paris and communicate the secret of making the new engines to M.
Perrier, who had undertaken to pump water from the Seine for the supply
of Paris. The German States also sent over emissaries with a like object,
Baron Stein having been specially commissioned by his Government to master
the secret of Watt’s engine--to obtain working plans of it and bring away
workmen capable of making it,--the first step taken being to obtain access
to the engine-rooms by bribing the workmen.
[155] “Mr. White told me this morning as a great secret,” wrote
Boulton’s London agent, “that he has reason to believe that
Carless and Webb were going beyond sea, for Carless had told him
he had 1000_l._ offered for six years, and he overheard Webb say
that he was ready at an hour’s warning.” Carless and Webb were
immediately ordered back to Soho, and the firm obtained warrants
for the apprehension of the men as well as of the person who
had bribed them, if they attempted to abscond “even though,”
said Watt to Boulton, “Carless be a drunken and comparatively
useless fellow.” Later he wrote, “I think there is no risk of
Webb’s leaving us soon, and he offers to re-engage. Carless has
been working very diligently this week, and is well on with his
nozzle patterns. I mentioned to William the story of Sir John
Fielding’s warrant, to show him that we are determined to act
with spirit in case of interlopers.”--Watt to Boulton, May 3,
1777.
Besides the difficulties Boulton and Watt had to encounter in training
and disciplining their own workmen, they had also to deal with the want
of skill on the part of those to whom the working of their engines
was intrusted after they had been delivered and fixed complete. They
occasionally supplied trustworthy men of their own; but they could not
educate mechanics fast enough, and needed all the best men for their own
work. They were therefore compelled to rely on the average mechanics of
the day, the greater part of whom were comparatively unskilled and knew
nothing of the steam-engine. Hence such mishaps as those which befell the
Bow engine, through the engineman getting drunk and reckless, as above
described. To provide for this contingency Watt endeavoured to simplify
the engine as much as possible, so as to bring its working and repair
within the capacity of the average workman.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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