Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engineSmiles, Samuel
History
Lives of Boulton and Watt. Principally from the Original Soho Mss.: Comprising also a history of the invention and introduction of the steam engine
Rough sketches of these various methods were forwarded to Soho in order
that the requisite careful drawings of them might be prepared in time to
be lodged with the specification; but when they reached Watt in Cornwall,
he declared them to be so clumsily executed that he could not for very
shame send them in; and though greatly pressed by mining business, and
suffering from “backache, headache, and lowness of spirits,” he set to
work to copy them with his own hands. He worked up his spare time so
diligently, that in ten days he had the plans finished and returned to
Boulton, whom he wrote saying that he had improved the construction of
several of the machines, and “got one copy of the specification drawing
finished in an elegant manner upon vellum, being the neatest drawing he
had ever made.”[232] The necessary measures being then taken to perfect
the patent, it was duly enrolled on the 23rd February, 1782.
During the time that Watt was busy completing the above specification
and drawings, his mind was full of other projects, one of which was the
perfecting of his new expansive engine.[233] It is curious to find him, in
his letters to Boulton, anticipating the plan of superheating the steam
before entering the cylinders, which has since been carried into effect
with so much success.
[232] Watt to Boulton, 26th Jan., 1782.
[233] “I have some time ago thought,” wrote Watt, “of a new
expansive engine--a reciprocating engine with a heavy circular
fly moved by a pinion from the end of the beam, so as to
make three turns per down-stroke and as many contrariwise per
return; so that in the first half of the stroke it may acquire
a momentum which will carry it through the last half; and if a
weight equal to half the load be put upon the inner end of the
beam, and the engine be made to lift it during the return, by
making a vacuum above the piston and using a rack instead of
a chain, a cylinder of the present size may work to the same
depth by half the steam; and I believe the engine will work very
sweetly.”--Watt to Boulton, 16th January, 1782.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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