Introductory Remarks--Birth and Parentage of Aristotle--He studies Philosophy under Plato--Is highly distinguished in the Academy--Retires to Atarneus on the Death of his Master--Marries--Is invited by Philip to superintend the Education of Alexander--Prosecutes his Studies at the Court--On the Succession of Alexander, returns to Athens, where he sets up a School in the Lyceum--Corresponds with Alexander, who supplies Means for carrying on his Investigations--Alexander finds Fault with him for publishing some of his Works, and after putting Callisthenes to Death, exalts his Rival Xenocrates--On the Death of Alexander, he is accused by his Enemies of Impiety, when he escapes to Chalcis, where he dies soon after--His personal Appearance and Character--His Testament--History of his Writings--Great Extent of the Subjects treated of by him--His Notions on elementary Bodies--The Material Universe--The Changes to which the Earth has been subjected, and the Eternity of its Existence--Conclusion, 38 SECTION II. ACCOUNT OF ARISTOTLE'S HISTORY OF ANIMALS. Aristotle's Ideas respecting the Soul--His Views of Anatomy and Physiology--Introduction to his History of Animals, consisting of Aphorisms or general Principles--His Division of Animals; their external Parts; their Arrangement into Families; their internal Organs; Generation, &c. 55 PLINY THE ELDER. ACCOUNT OF HIS LIFE AND WORKS. Introductory Remarks--Notice respecting Pliny by Suetonius--Account of his Habits, as given by his Nephew, Pliny the Younger--Various Particulars of his Life--His Death occasioned by an Eruption of Vesuvius--Buffon's Opinion of the Writings of Pliny--Judgment of Cuvier on the same Subject--Brief Account of the Historia Naturalis, including Extracts respecting the Wolf, the Lion, and other Animals--Cleopatra's Pearls--History of a Raven--Domestic Fowls--General Remarks, 74 GESNER, BELON, SALVIANI, RONDELET, AND ALDROVANDI. ZOOLOGISTS OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY. Conrad Gesner--Account of his Life and Writings, preceded by Remarks on those of AElian, Oppian, Albertus Magnus, Paolo Giovio, and Hieronymus Bock--Pierre Belon--Hippolito Salviani--Guillaume Rondelet--Ulysses Aldrovandi--General Remarks on their Writings, and the State of Science at the Close of the Sixteenth Century, 102 JONSTON, GOEDART, REDI, AND SWAMMERDAM. ZOOLOGISTS OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.